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16064

Lab Service Manual

index

*Contents*	*Page*
*Introduction*	4
*Our story*	5
*Our Branches*	6
*Lab to lab department*	8
*Hours of work*	8
*Ethical conduct of royal lab*	8
*Examination request and registration of data*	10
*Specimen Collection*	12
*Patient Preparation & factors interfering with the test results*	12
*Collection of blood samples*	15
*Collection of urine Samples*	20
*Collection of fecal samples (stool)*	22
*Collection of Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)*	22
*Collection of sputum*	22
*Collection of throat and mouth speceimens*	23
*Collection of Pus, ulcer material and skin speciemen*	23
*Collection of Effusions*	23
*Collection of urogenital speceimen*	23
*Collection of semen*	24
*Sample centrifugation*	25
*Rejection Criteria for Unacceptable Specimens*	25
*Sample transportation*	26
*Samples stability table*	27
*Sample storage*	31
*Time limits for requesting additional examinations*	31
*TAT of tests which are analyzed in runs*	32
*TAT of routine tests*	33
*Critical value reporting*	34
*Final report contenet*	39
*Internet Result reporting*	41
*Complaints*	41
*Tests Menu*	42

Introduction

Everyone is wishing perfect health along their life, needs a trusted place to care about their health, wants to know everything about their health with accuracy.

Royal lab is committed to giving back, and helping ensure the growth of strong and healthy communities. To us, making a difference in the places where we live and work is a natural extension of our mission.

We strive to be the best at what we do -- transforming laboratory information and services into solutions that improve health and wellness

As Royal Lab Use a variety of accurate modern instrumentation to produce medical data in a rapid, accurate and precise fashion, all of that with the cheapest cost in the market.

Royal Lab Performs laboratory investigations related to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease, including analysis of a variety of specimens such as blood, urine, feces, sputum and swabs, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, as well as possible infected tissue.

Royal Lab is one of the most respected provider of laboratory services, with more than 15 years of experience serving Market. Each day, we support thousands of patients, healthcare professionals and public and private sector clients with the efficient collection and transportation of specimens, accurate testing in our laboratories and prompt reporting of results.

Through our convenient locations and hours of operation, skilled and caring staff and the quality and diversity of services we offer, we strive to make your experience at our laboratory as easy and stress-free as possible

Our Vision

Our vision is to lead the medical investigations market in Egypt in the areas of speed of service and pricing maintaining the best quality of results.

Our Mission

Royal Lab provides medical investigations focusing on high quality and customer convenience.
We are committed to delivering a timely, accurate and convenient service for improved patient care.
Our commitment is fulfilled through training and motivating our team to present the best service to our patients.

Our Core values

We believe in the following four values to achieve our Customers satisfaction in and out the organization:

Technical Quality- Ensuring that processes, documentation and audit systems are in place to make sure that quality standards are maintained and practiced.
Safety- Ensuring the safety of our customers, employees and all around.
Service Excellence- Giving the best service and achieving excellence each passing day.
Respect- Giving due respect to self and others and maintain the environment of team work and growth.

Our Story

“Royal Lab” has started since 1998 in the area of clinical and chemical pathology by its first branch in 53 El-Makreezy Street which is considered the main branch of Royal Lab. The lab was focusing on Biology is Dr. Hatem ElSebai’s major specialty. So, the lab had the most recent technology at this time in PCR:

-Cobas Amplicor(Roche)
- b - DNA ( Bayer )

In 1999, the first satellite branch was established. It was in Elnozha (20 Magdy street). On the other hand, new technology and new specialists were added to the laboratories in almost all aspects as haematology, biochemistry, endocrinology and immunology.

In 2001 the second satellite branch was established in 19 A Elkhaleefa Elmamoun street, Roxy.

-In the years between 2001 and 2004, internal development of the lab was our main concern through developing technology as well as man power in order to be ready for the (spurt) that happened in 2005.

In 2005 the lab has added Nasr City branch as well as adding 2 new technologies in molecular pathology which are Real Time PCR and TMA. Establishment of a big network in the area of Lab to Lab business can be considered our best achievements during this year.

In 2006-2007 the lab to lab network was developed to serve more than 1300 laboratories all over Egypt from Behaira to Aswan.

In 2008, 3 more satellites were added to satisfy more customers. These branches were in Shobra Elkhaima, ShobraMasr and Downtownin Shereif Street.

Our Branches;

There are branches located as follows

Our Branches (collecting sites)

There are branches located as follows

Main branch:Masr Algadida

5 Altahawyst.Alsafwa Tower, Alkhalifa Alma'moun

Tel/Fax: 24182982

Almakrizi : Masr Algadida

53 Makrizy St. Doctors Tower- Roxy- 4^th floor

Tel/Fax: 24533872

Nasr city

5 Abbas Elaad St. 7^th floor

24013797

Nasr city (2):

41 abdelhameed Awad St.from Mostafa alnahhas St. above McDonalds , 5^th floor Nasr City.

Nasr city(3):

6 Mahdy arfa St. Farah building 2^ndfloor .

23265040

El Nozha Elgedida :

22 Magdy St., infront of AlShabrawy Rest.

Tel/Fax: 26218127

Hadaaq El Koba:

sr & Sudan St. tower (g) 3^rdfloor.

Tel/Fax: 24342884

Bab Ellok : Downtown

2 Sherif St., Allewaa building , the 4^thfloor.

Tel/Fax: :23924201

Almokkattam (1)

14 , 9 Street, the ground floor, from Alnafoura square.

Tel/Fax: 25077367

Almokkattam (2)

9 street,Atlas Blocks Block C, above Alnassagoon Alsharkeyoun Store

Tel/Fax: 25087992

AlMaady

45 L ,Alnasrst., Algazaer Square above Alezaby Pharmacy

Tel/Fax: 25175358

Dar Elsalm

229 ahmed zaki St. first floor

Tel/Fax: 27207924

Shobra Misr

22 Shobrast.first floor, above AbouSheleb stores

Tel/Fax: 25789225

Shoubra Alkhaima (1)

15 Mayo St. ,Alkattan Tower , above Tabarek Hospital

Tel/Fax: 44739051

ShoubraAlkhaima (2)

Mustorod (Alshrea Algadid), 2 Salama Bousilast.,in front of the Mosque

Tel/Fax: 48267500

ShoubraAlkhaima (3):

Mustorod , the new sreet , 2 Salama Bosila St. infront of the Mosque

Tel/Fax: 46130981

Al Tagamoa Alkhames

Silver Star Mall, Akhnatoon St. Above Seoudy Market

Tel/Fax: 23130465

Alaasher Men Ramadan

Dohet Alaasher Mall, 3^rdfloor, Building (A)

Almohandeseen

48 Shehab St. crossing with Fawzy Rammah St.5^th floor

Tel/Fax: 33028076

Al Dokki

97 Altahrir St., the eighth floor, Above GAD

Tel/Fax: 37489794

Sphinx

Sphinx square, gamaat eldwel st.

Tel/Fax: 33027601

Abdel menaam reyad

bdel menaam reyad St.al mohandessin.
- 33483628

Nahya

10 Nahya St. Giza 3^rd

Faisal (1)

423 Elmalek Faisal St. 2^nd floor, Madkour station, beside AlEzaby Pharmacy.

Tel/Fax: 37806682

Faisal (2)

Altawabek- Gondeyah mall, the 3^rd Floor, Block 15

Tel/Fax: 33837264

Al haram

300 Haram St. tower (7b) second floorflat 204

Tel/Fax: 33837264

6 October (1)

El Hay Alsabea, Boray Blaza Tower 2, the first floor, beside AlHossary Mosque.

Tel/Fax: 38361406

6 October (2)

alHay ElSades, alMogawrah Althaneya, at the beginning of Dolcy Street, Bulding No. 70

Tel/Fax: 38347950

Sheikh zayed

Twin Tower, building C, 4^thfloor

Tel/Fax: 38347950

Alhelmeya

29 Ebn alhakam St. , 3rd floor,above MOBINIL. Alhelmeya

Tel: 26320357

Helwan

38 Mohammed Sayed Ahmed , Above Alezaby pharmacy , the 2^nd floor .

Tel/Fax: 25581648

Al Fayoum

Shoaaeb tower, in front of Misr insurance 4^thfloor

Tel/Fax: 084/2151563

Tanta

14 Moaaz Tower, train station , six floor

Tel/Fax: 040/3333425

El Suez

120 Ahmed orabi St., tawfeek tower

062/3357157

EL Mansoura

89 el Gameaa St. Hussein bek square ,3^rdfloor .

050/2218400

El zagazeg

Galaa St. , mekawy tower (2) , second floor.

055/2336679

Belbas

Borsaiead St. el bayed tower.

055/2843837

Assuit

Hay alsadat, Alazhar tower, third floor, extension off Ragheb street, infront of kasr Naboly pastries

Tel: 088/2371115

Qena

Aloksor Street, infornt of Fire Station, second floor.

Tel: 096/5348423

Nagahamady

25 january street ( Hosney Moubarak previously), above altalabah stationary, first floor

Tel: 096/6572828

Sohag

16 alaref square , second floor above mekky center for Lawyer

Tel: 093/2360061

Menia

69 zaghlol st. , al serafa tower, beside train station and the old police station

Tel: 086/2331109

Luxury

Al television st., building of alhag hussin belal , the second floor , infront the Islamic misr bank and awlad ragab supermarket

Tel: 095/2285481

Aswan

95 kornish Al-Nil street, the first floor, above the alaexendria Bank and Cairo Bank

Tel: 097/2310285

Bani sweef

85 safeya Zaghlol st., Bani sweef

Tel: 82/2315732

Call Center: 16064

Lab to lab department

MisrAlgadida53 Makrizy St. Doctors Tower- Roxy- 4^th floor

02 24504710

02 24525066

02 24503053

Hours of work

All branches: all week days, from 9:00 am to 12;00 pm except Friday,

the following branches work in Friday:

Main branch (Tahawy): Working 24 hours
El Nozha Elgedida: Friday: 10:00 am to 6:00 pm
Shoubra Alkhaima (1): Friday: 10:00 am to 10:00 pm
Shobra Misr: Friday: 04:00 pm to 10:00 pm
Shoubra alkhaima #1: Working 24 hours

Ethical conduct of Royal lab

It is the responsibility of the Lab director, to follow and maintain the below arrangements:

Protection of confidentiality of information:

All laboratory staff sign (F03P03.16. Q Ethics and confidentiality code), which states that; the lab staff is not authorized to inform any person with any lab data, patient's personal data or test results except if previously agreed upon in the request for analysis, or critical value reporting.
Data security levels are customized, on Laboratory Information System (LIS) program according to the personnel lab position. (see LIS)

Freedom from undue pressure:

All laboratory staff sign (F03P03.16. Q Ethics and confidentiality code), which states that;

All laboratory staff shall not accept any motive, which might adversely affect their judgment, or the result of their work.
Any member of the lab staff subjected to any ethical or financial pressure either externally or internally, reports the incident immediately to their manager.
The unit supervisor submits a report of the behavior of their staff, in case of doubt, to ensure that confidence in lab, independence and integrity are maintained at all times.

Protection of lab credibility

The lab does not engage in any activities that would diminish confidence in its competence, impartiality, judgment, or operational integrity to protect the lab credibility.

o In any contract, it is not entitled to the contractor to add or suggest any condition affecting the accuracy of the results

o The lab logo is pasted only on reports truly issued from the lab.

Treatment of human samples, tissues or remains according to relevant legal requirements of MOH;

All laboratory staff sign (F06P01.16. Q Ethics and confidentiality code), to treat human samples, tissues or remains according to relevant legal requirements of MOH; which states that:

Specimen containers are:

Robust and not leaky
Not contaminated from the outside.
Correctly labeled.
Away from test requests, requests shouldn't be wrapped around the containers but placed in separate plastic envelopes.
- Types of medical waste:

Contaminated items that would release blood or other potentially infectious material (OPIM) in a liquid or semiliquid state if compressed.
Contaminated sharps.
Pathological waste
Microbiological wastes: stocks of infectious agents, culture dishes, devices used to transfer, inoculate and mix cutlures, specimens, live and attenuated vaccines.
Human samples, tissues or remains:

Liquid or semiliquid blood
All body fluids as semen, vaginal secretion , CSF,…
Any unfixed tissue or organ from a human .
- All bio-hazardous materials are disposed in red bags which are disposable and impervious to moisture, and have strength sufficient to preclude ripping, tearing, or bursting under normal conditions of usage and handling
- These red bags are sealed or closed firmly and disposed when they are filled to three quarters of their capacity or at the beginning of each shift whichever is nearer, in larger containers.
- Safety boxes used for sharps are discarded every 72 hours or if they are filled to three quarters of their capacity whichever is nearer, in larger containers.
- Gray plastic rigid and leak proof containers (pickup containers), with a tight-fitting lid (which is kept closed), are used for collection of red bags & safety boxes.
- Pickup containers are labeled with either the words "Biohazardous Waste," or with a biohazard symbol and the word "Biohazard" & are stored in the Biohazardous Waste Room
- Whenever the waste is removed from a container, lid of the container is wiped down on the inside and outside with a freshly prepared 1% bleach solution containing 500 ppm available chlorine. The minimum contact time for the bleach solution is 3 minutes.
- All bio-hazardous materials are sent to incineration, at least once a week through a special waste collection and mangement company, with which the lab is contracted (عقد المحرقة), using legal premission ,Form F07.SM.17.T
- Liquid Medical/Biohazardous Waste Disposal

Certain liquid biohazardous waste that have been disinfected, such as cell culture media and blood, can be discharged to the sanitary sewer system.
To disinfect your waste, add a sufficient amount of household bleach to the biohazardous liquid so as to create a 10% concentration of bleach. Then let the mixture stand for 20 minutes before drain disposal.
- Infectious waste should be disposed, within the following periods:

In temeprature climate: maximum 72 hours in winter and 48 hours in summer.
In warm climate: maximum 48 hours during the cool season and 24 hours during the hot season.

Pathological waste:

The human remains are kept for one month in a large container (preserved in formaline) labeled with the pateint data & code
If the pateint asks for the sample after examination, to bury it by their own , they sign for receiving the specimen from the lab, only after one month retention in the unit

All regular waste: packing and empty boxes, paper (not contaminated with blood), paper towels, food, food packing: should be disposed in black bags and taken to the sanitary landfills

Examination request and registration of data

Referred samples from collecting centers (branches);

Laboratory receptionist collects sufficient data from the patient;

Patient's full name
Date of birth
Referring doctor (If no referring doctor, patient's name is registered instead & the patient signs the examination request).
Laboratory tests
Patient preparation
Phone number (if available)

Copy of examination request is kept, to be revised by phlebotomist /main branch doctor
Data of the sample is registered on the information system in the branch, which transfers the registered data through the network to the main laboratory.
Electronic job order is then generated & handed over to the phlebotomist, together with the barcode

Referred samples from other laboratories for lab to lab service;

Requests are reviewed, together with types & volumes of samples, by the sorting staff
Data of the sample is registered on the information system in the sorting unit.
Samples are barcoded in the sorting unit (main branch
F01P01.19.Tكشف+بالحركة+اليومية+للمناديب +., is filled by relevant staff, at the end of every shift

Verbal/ Phone request for sample examinations:

The user (patient/ lab/..) adds or deletes tests by (telephone \verbal), through contacting the call center (16064)
The user is directed to the unit manager/ doctor, who reads back the data on the user, documents it in F02P01.19.T_Phone request Form,
The unit manager/ doctor ensures that the sample is fulfilling the criteria for the test to be added, or approves the test to be deleted (in case if it is not run yet)

Home visits:
- This is done by contacting the call center and coordination with the nearest branch to the patient
- Phlebotomist prepares the required tools for sampling, using the form of F03P01.19.T_Log for home visits
- Data of the patient is collected in the patient sheet F04P01.19.T_ Patient Sheet
- After drawing the patient's blood, phlebotomist gives the patient a receipt
- Samples are transported to the lab appropriately, See Sample transportation, below.
- Data of the sample is registered on the information system in the branch, which transfers the registered data through the network to the main laboratory
- The samples are barcoded in the branch

The label (barcode) contain

Branch name
Name of the patient
Accession number
Machine name
Unit
Tests names(abbreviation)
Type of the sample
Date
Sample ID

NOTE: If the patient is unable to understand the Arabic language, please contact the (16064) for an interpreter

NOTE: Clinical advice is provided by the lab medical staff regarding type of tests & interpretation of different diseases, through participation in preparation of medical topics which are then uploaded on the website, by the IT staff

Specimen Collection

Specimen collection shall be performed only after verification of the patient identity – requested tests – preparation for the tests if there is any.

Patient Preparation & factors interfering with the test results

Some tests require patient preparation in some Specific way to ensure accurate results.

Fasting: Verification of fasting before sampling is mandatory for:

Fasting glucose: 8 h
Triglycerides: 12-16 h

Nutritional status:

Ingestion of protein rich meal increases the level of serum urea, phosphate and uric acid.
Oral glucose tolerance test should be done after 3 days of unrestricted diet containing 150 gm carbohydrates at least daily
Diet containing horseradish peroxidase gives false positive occult blood in stool

Dietary instructions:

VMA (Vanillylmandelic Acid), (24-hour urine collection): to preclude false elevations of VMA, avoid intake of salicylates (aspirin), caffeine, phenothiazine, antihypertension agents, coffee, tea, chocolate, fruits such as bananas, citrus, and substances containing vanilla for three days prior to and during the collection.
Metanephrines (24-hour urine collection): to prevent false elevations of metanephrines, avoid the intake of caffeine. The following drugs interfere with this test: monamineoxidase inhibitors, Propranolol HCl (Inderal), and the diuretic trimterene (Dyazide and Dyrenium).

5-HIA (24-hour urine collection): to prevent false elevations of urinary 5-HIAA (also known as serotonin) avoid intake of bananas, avocados, plums, eggplant, pineapples, walnuts, alcohol, frozen desserts, meat and poultry skin, and gelatins for three days prior to and during collection. The following medications will also interfere: cough syrup containing guafinesin, Tylenol (acetaminophen), Emperin (phenacetin), Acetanilid, glycerylguaiacolatemephensin, methocarbamol, reserpine, chlorpromazine, promazine, imipramine, isoniazid, MAO inhibitors, methenamine, methyldopa, phenothiazines promethazine, or any compound containing these drugs.

Catecholamines (24-hour urine collection): to prevent false elevations of catecholamines, avoid intake of all medications including vitamins for three days prior to and during collection. This includes all epinephrine or norepinephrine-like medication, aspirin, vitamin B compounds, alpha-methyl dopa, and “mycin” antibiotics. Omit substances containing caffeine, bananas, chocolate, and vanilla.

Exercise:

Increases blood glucose, plasma pyruvate and lactate.
Increases cellular permeability which lead to slight increase in serum activities of enzymes originating from skeletal muscles as AST, CK, LDH, and Aldolase.

Intra-muscular injection or muscle trauma: Increases CK but troponin is normal
Effect of smoking

Increase of Triglyceride
Plasma glucose is higher & glucose tolerance is slightly lower in smokers.
Chronic increase of RBCs
Acute increase of cortisol

Alcohol:

Alcohol ingestion cause marked hypertriglyceridemia.
Considerable influence on HDL cholesterol and total cholesterol concentration
Chronic alcohol ingestion affect the activity of many enzymes including GGT and isocitrate dehydrogenase

Stress:

Stress associated with blood collection may increases cortisol , catecholamine and GH
Struggling in young children may lead to adrenal stimulationand increase in glucose & may increases skeletal muscle enzymes e.g. CK

Change in posture:

Change from supine to standing position

decrease in Blood volume about 10%
decrease Plasma volume of the blood
increase Plasma protein concentration by about 8-10% including:
- enzymes,
- protein hormones and
- Protein bound substances as Ca, drugs and bilirubin.

Prolonged tourniquet

increase proteins and protein bound substances as: calcium

Drugs:

Drug interference can be grouped into two general categories:

In vivo effects of the drug or its metabolites on the analyte to be measured.GGT is commonly increased after drug intake. To a lesser extent ALT and AST also affected by some drugs
In vitro effects due to some physical or chemical property of the drug or its metabolites, which interfere with the actual assay procedure.

e.g: cephalosporins:give false increase of creatinine

Menstrual cycle:

The plasma concentration of many female sex hormones changes FSH and LH and progesterone level with the cycle phases.
FSH and LH: are collected at 2^nd day of cycle
Progesterone collected at 21 days of cycle

Timing of sampling:

Timing is important for some analytes that undergo marked diurnal variation & affected with medication intake;

e.g. corticosteroids & for those used to monitor drug therapy
Also in oral glucose tolerance test: is done in the morning after 8-14 h fasting
The patient must not be treated with antibiotics or antiseptic mouth-washes (gargles), for 8 hours, before swabbing mouth, throat, skin….
The patient must not be treated with antibiotics, for 48 hours, before collecting specimens for C&S testing
Allow 2–4 hours after urination before collecting a uro—genital specimen.

Precautions for PCR samples, e.g. HCV RNA RT-PCR & the HBV DNA RT-PCR:

Sample Collection & transportation:

Using acceptable venipuncture technique, collect 5 to 7 ml whole blood in red top or serum separator (SST) blood collection vacutainer tubes.
Allow a minimum of 15 minutes to allow clot to form.
Centrifuge sample to separate serum from clot.
Transfer 1.0 – 2.0 ml of serum to the storage tube.
Serum samples can be transported in (2 – 8.0° C)
Serum samples can be stored in the refrigerator (2 – 8.0° C) for up to one week, or can be stored frozen (≤ -20.0 ° C) indefinitely.

Instructions for stool collection:

Female patients should urinate prior to stool collection due to harmful effects of urine on protozoa if collected in the same container.
Collect stool prior to radiologic studies involving barium sulfate, or one week or longer after use of barium.
Avoid mineral oil, nonabsorbable antidiarrheal preparations, anti-malarials, and some antibiotics (tetracyclines). Organisms may be difficult to detect for several weeks after medication is discontinued.

Others:

Acid phosphatase: is affected by prostatic massage, urinary retention, and catheterization
Culture and sensitivity: needs no antibiotic therapy for 48 h

Collection of blood samples

Equipment:

Needle gauge selection is based upon the patient’s physical characteristics.
The larger bore size causes blood to flow quickly while the smaller bore size causes blood to flow slower.

C. Evacuated Collection Tubes or Syringes

Choose the tube or syringe size according to the quantity required for the test(s) requested, and by the size and condition of the patient’s vein.
The most common correlation between vacutainer stopper color &additives is as follows:

STOPPER	ADDITIVE
Plain Red	None
Light Blue	Citrate
Green	Li Heparin/Na Heparin
Lavender	Potassium EDTA
Gray	Floride

D. Disinfecting Agents: Non-Woven swab alcohol Pads with 70% isopropyl alcohol

E. Drying Agents: Cotton balls

G. Tourniquets

All equipment & supplies are routinely checked for compliance & expiration dates.
Equipment & supplies are checked (at the beginning of every day), for availability, using sampling room checklist F06P01.19.T
Patient verification:

The phlebotomist verifies patient identity and the requested tests (with their preparation if any), as compared with the data in the job order. If there are any discrepancies, sample collection does not start, until the problem is satisfactorily resolved

Chat with the patient to gain their trust, so that the process will be easier & quicker
Position the Patient Properly:

Extend the arm such that a straight line is formed from shoulder to wrist (This position ensures access to the antecubital fossa easily and comfortably - median cubital, cephalic or basilic veins are preferred.

Apply the Tourniquet 3-4 inches above the venipuncture site (not more than 1-2 minutes)

Check the antecubital fossa of both arms before selecting the site by palpating, using your index finger for vein direction, depth and size.
Do not draw from:

An arm that is receiving intravenous therapy.
An arm on the side of mastectomy, use the opposite arm to avoid lymphostatic interferences with the blood specimen.
An arm with hematoma. If other sites are not available, apply tourniquet below the hematoma. In instances when a tourniquet is applied for site selection, release before cleansing.

Release the torniquet

Put on well fitting, non-sterile gloves
Cleanse and Dry the Venipuncture Site:

Using Non-Woven swab alcohol Pads with 70% isopropyl alcohol
Cleanse in circular motion beginning at the center moving outward for about an inch
Allow the alcohol to air dry before you insert the needle.

Re-apply the tourniquet & do not attempt to touch the area you sterilized before
Perform the Venipuncture:

Anchor the skin below the area you sterilized before, with the thumb, then enter the vein with the needle bevel upward at a 15-degree angle. Follow the vein geography to secure the needle.

Vacutainer (evacuated) system:

Use one hand to hold the tube holder while using the other hand to gently insert the first tube all the way into the needle, and allow the vacuum to fill the tube.
After the flow of blood into the tube has ceased, gently remove the tube and insert another tube as needed. Continue the process until all tubes are filled.

Butterfly system:

Gently and quickly enter the vein. Hold the “butterfly” tabs to secure the needle in the vein while drawing blood.
If necessary, have an assistant gently push the vacutainer tube all the way into the holder, and allow the vacuum to fill the tube.
After the flow has ceased, gently remove the tube and insert another as needed. Continue until all tubes are filled.

Syringe system: Transfer blood to appropriate labeled tubes, taking caution not to hemolyze the specimen(s) and observing needle safety.

Tube collection sequence: To prevent contamination of specimens, fill at 1^st, blood culture bottles, then non-additive tubes, followed by barrier gel tubes, then citrate, followed by Heparin, EDTA-K3, and fluoride-oxalate tubes.
Release the Tourniquet, as soon as the needle enters the vein
If the Sample cannot be obtained:

Change the position of the needle.
Try another tube.
Loosen the tourniquet.
Repeat one more time, or have another phlebotomist try.

N.B: Never attempt to draw a sample more than twice on the same patient without explicit permission from the patient

9. Remove the needle gently but quickly.

10. Apply pressure to the venipuncture site for 3-5 minutes, keep arm straight; don’t fold.

11. Mix or Fill and Mix Tube(s), by gentle inversion 5-8 times.

12. Engage needle safety device and place entire system into a hazardous safety box.

SAFETY NOTE: Never attempt to recap or cut a needle.

Label the specimen

Notes:

The phlebotomist signs their name and time of sample collection on the job order
Patient subjected to invasive procedure (bone marrow aspiration, biopsy, ……) should sign a written consent form F07P01.19.T
When collecting drug levels, record the quantity of each dose, time of ingestion and the time of collection on the job order.
Serum for cold agglutinins must be maintained at room temperature or 370C to avoid false negative values.

Volume of specimens requested should be strictly adhered to. DO NOT COMPROMISE the requested volume, or the test will not be done.
When serum or plasma is to be submitted for analysis, it is generally a good practice to collect a volume of blood that is 2.5-3 times the volume of serum or plasma needed for the test.
Heparin tubes are acceptable when half to completely full.
EDTA, Citrate, and fluoride-oxalate tubes are acceptable only when filled to the appropriate capacity.
Prevention of Hematoma

Fully puncture only uppermost wall of vein.
Remove tourniquet before needle.
Use the major veins.
Apply pressure to puncture site and do not bandage until any bleeding has stopped.

When no site can be found except the area of IV administration:

Turn off IV for 2 minutes.
Apply tourniquet below IV site.
Draw 5ml blood and discard.
Collect test sample.
Withdraw needle and apply firm but not tight bandage.
Restart IV.

Prevention of Hemolysis: avoid

Using needle(s) with too small bore
Shaking the blood too vigorously.
Centrifuging blood before clotting.
Collecting before alcohol dry.
Withdrawing the blood too rapidly
Storing whole blood samples in, or next to, the freezing compartment of a refrigerator.

Oral glucose tolerance test OGTT:

The patient should stick to high carbohydrate diet (150 g glucose/ day), for 3 days before the test & avoid; smoking – alcohol ingestion & any medications that would affect the test results
On the day of the test, at 7- 8 am, patient should come to the lab, fasting for 8 hours.
After collection of the blood & urine samples for Fasting glucose level, the patient administrs 75g - 100g dose of Glucose dissolved in 400 ml water in about 20 minutes.
3 types of OGTT

One Hour Post Glucose 100 g dose (screening for gestational DM):

Only one blood sample is collected, together with a urine sample, after 1 hour of glucose ingestion

Two Hour Glucose Tolerance Test 75 g dose:

Two blood & two urine samples are collected, after 1 & 2 hours of glucose ingestion

Three Hour Glucose Tolerance Test 75 g dose:

Three blood & three urine samples are collected, after 1 – 2 & 3 hours of glucose ingestion

Patient care during special situations:

1. Fainting/light-headedness during/after phlebotomy:

Immediately remove the tourniquet and the needle from the patient’s arm.
Lower head and arms and elevate legs.
Loosen tight clothing
Apply cold compresses to the forehead and back of the neck if necessary.
If the patient has fainted, call their name while patting their hand or face.

2. Nausea/vomiting:

Hold waste container or emesis basin for patient.
Make the patient as comfortable as possible. Allow patient to rinse their mouth with cold water.
Instruct the patient to breath deeply and slowly.
Apply cold compresses to the forehead and back of the neck if necessary

Consent form

Adequate information is provided to the patient or legal representative in order for the patient or legal representative to make a rational, informed decision to permit invasive procedure. The patient is free to reject recommended invasive procedure.

A valid written consent must contain the following elements:

The exact name of the procedure under consent;
The consenter's understanding of:

The nature of the procedure
Alternatives
Risks and benefits involved
Probable consequences of non-submitting the procedure

Date of consent;

Anticoagulants

EDTA (ethylenediamine tetra-aceticacid), and tri-sodium citrate, prevent blood from clotting by removing calcium.
EDTA anti coagulated blood can be used for most tests, e.g. hemoglobin, PCV, WBC count, platelet count, reticulocyte count, and reporting blood cell morphology. It is not suitable for coagulation tests
The correct amount of blood must be added to EDTA to prevent blood cell changes. Excess EDTA causes shrinkage and degenerative changes, e.g. the disintegration of platelets, decrease in centrifuged PCV, and increase in MCHC. The blood must be well mixed with the EDTA.
Tri-sodium citrate, is used to anticoagulant blood for: ESR & coagulation tests
Mix the sample gently by inverting the tube several times immediately after filling.
Process the sample ASAP, Spin down the specimen at for 10 min, then transfer plasma into a plastic tube using a plastic Pasteur pipette staying away from the buffy coat layer. Do not use glass tubes or glass Pasteur pipettes as glass can activate the clotting cascade.
Quickly freeze the sample to keep coagulation factors intact. Ship frozen in dry ice. Ensure that sample remains frozen in transit.

Test Priorities:

Routine: Routine tests performed have a maximum allowable turnaround of one workday (24 hours). Some specialized testing may take longer. Refer to TEST Menu Table for further details.

Note: All tests presented to the Laboratory without a priority assigned will be treated as a routine test.

Urgent: Tests that are needed to make a decision or take rapid action to prevent clinical deterioration of a patient should be requested as urgent.

Collection of urine Samples

Collection container

Disposable plastic containers are available in many sizes (sterile and non-sterile) and are provided with lids for covering the specimen to reduce bacterial and other types of contamination. Large, wide-mouthed plastic or glass containers with screw-cap tops are used for cumulative collection of urine over a long period of time. These bottles should be kept refrigerated or should contain an appropriate chemical preservative.

All containers and preservatives for the collection of 24-hour urine will be dispensed by the Laboratory (most common tests in the urine do not require preservatives).

Storage of urine, if not examined within one hour

Bacterial multiplication regularly occurs in urine specimens that remain at room temperature for over one hour. Bacteria may utilize glucose in the urine, and convert urea to ammonia, producing alkaline urine. In addition, casts will decompose in urine after several hours, and red blood cells are lysed by hypotonic urine. Marked changes in pH will affect the cellular components.
Refrigeration at 2 - 8°C is needed to preserve the urine for routine analysis. Chemical preservatives may be used when specimens cannot be refrigerated or for certain special collections.

Types of urine samples

Random sample: is collected at any time of the day, into a clean, dry container

1^st morning sample: is collected immediately upon rising from a night’s sleep “the most concentrated specimen”
Clean Catch/Midstream sample (for bacteriologic examination): Hands & external genetalia, are washed with water & soap & dried properly, then the initial stream of voided urine, which clears these organisms from the urethra, is discarded and the subsequent midstream urine is collected directly into a sterile container, third 1/3 is also discarded.

24-Hour Urine Collection: On the selected morning, empty your bladder and discard this specimen. For the next 24-hours, save all urine voided in a clean container and transfer it to the collection container provided. Try to pass the last sample to be collected at the same hour the collection began. Store the specimen in a cool place, preferably refrigerated, between voids. Return the specimen to the Laboratory as soon as possible after completing the collection.

Bladder catheterization and percutaneous suprapubic aspiration: may be used, but only in very rare and unusual circumstances

Collection of fecal samples (stool)

Collection container is obtained from the Laboratory. Sample is collected as follows:

Place something in the toilet to catch the stool, such as a potty, an empty plastic food container, spread clean newspaper or a plastic wrap over the rim of the toilet make sure the sample doesn’t touch the inside of the toilet
Use a spoon or a spatula to place the sample in the clean screw-top container and screw the lid shut
A minimum of three fecal specimens on alternate days are recommended to ensure recovery of intestinal parasites and pathogenic bacteria (recommended by the physician).
For the best possible recovery of enteric parasites and pathogenic bacteria, instruct the patient not to refrigerate the specimen(s) unless it is not possible to deliver the specimen(s) within four (4) hours.

Occult Blood, Stool

Collect 3 different samples from bowel movements on three different days.
Specimens collected 3 days prior to, or during a menstrual period, bleeding hemorrhoids or hematuria are unacceptable specimens.
Transport occult blood stool samples at room temperature.

Collection of Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Great care must be taken when handling C.S.F. because the specimen is obtained by lumbar puncture. Only limited amount of fluid can be withdrawn from a patient at any one time.
3 tubes, each contains 1 ml fluid are collected for full CSF examination; chemical, cellular count & type & microbiological exam.

Collection of sputum

Collection container is obtained from the Laboratory. Sample is collected as follows:

Rinse your mouth with water to reduce specimen contamination by bacteria or food particles. (a void mouthwash or toothpaste - For a patient with dentures, remove the dentures first).
Take a deep breath & hold it for a few seconds - then cough vigorously into the specimen container.
Sputum is best collected in the morning soon after the patient wakes
When pulmonary tuberculosis is suspected, up to three specimens may need to be examined to detect AFB.
When it is not possible to obtain sputum from children with suspected pneumonia or bronchopneumonia, pathogens can often be isolated from mucopus aspirated from the nasopharynx.

Collection of throat and mouth speceimens

In a good light and using the handle of a spoon to depress the tongue, swab the affected area using a sterile cottonwool swab. Taking care not to contaminate the swab with saliva, return it to its sterile container.
- Caution: It can be dangerous to swab the throat of a child with acute haemophilus epiglottitis because this may cause a spasm that can obstruct the child’s airway. Blood for culture should be collected instead.

Within two hours of collection, deliver the swab to the laboratory

Collection of Pus, ulcer material and skin speciemen

Using a sterile technique, aspirate or collect from a drainage tube up to 5 ml of pus. Transfer to a leak-proof sterile container.
When pus is not being discharged, use a sterile cotton-wool swab to collect a sample from the infected site.
When the tissue is deeply ulcerated and necrotic (full of dead cells): Aspirate a sample of infected material from the side wall of the ulcer using a sterile needle and syringe. Transfer to a sterile container.
Fluid from pustules, buboes, and blisters: Aspirate a specimen using a sterile needle and syringe. Transfer to a sterile container.
When collecting pus from abscesses, wounds, or other sites, special care should be taken to avoid contaminating the specimen with commensal organisms from the skin.

Collection of Effusions

Effusions sent to the laboratory for investigation include:

Fluid
Synovial	From a joint
Pleural	From the pleural cavity (Space between the lungs and the inner chest wall)
Pericardial	From the pericardial sac (Membranous sac surrounding the heart)
Ascitic (peritoneal)	From the peritoneal (abdominal) cavity
Hydrocele	Usually from the sac surrounding the testes

Withdrawal of these fluids by thoracocentesis (pleural), pericardiocentesis (pericardial) or paracentesis (peritonal), is done aseptically, by a phycisian
3 tubes, each contains 1 ml fluid are collected for full examination; chemical, cellular count & type & microbiological exam.

Collection of urogenital speceimen

Collection of urethral discharge from male patients

Cleanse around the urethral opening using a swab moistened with sterile physiological saline.
Gently massage the urethra from above downwards.
Using a swab, collect a sample of discharge. Make a smear of the discharge on a microscope slide by gently rolling the swab on the slide. This will avoid damaging pus cells which contain the bacteria.

Collection of cervical specimens from female patients

Use a sterile vaginal speculum to examine the cervix and collect the specimen.

Cleanse the cervix using a swab moistened with sterile physiological saline.
Pass a sterile cotton-wool swab 20–30 mm into the endocervical canal and gently rotate the swab against the endocervical wall to obtain a specimen.

Collection of vaginal discharge to detect T. vaginalis, C. albicans and G. vaginalis

Wet preparation to detect motile T. vaginalis:

Use a sterile swab to collect a specimen from the vagina. Transfer the sample to a microscope slide. Add a drop of physiological saline and mix. Cover with a cover glass. Label and deliver to the laboratory for immediate examination.

N.B: Use only a sterile saline solution or one that is checked daily by the laboratory to exclude contaminating motile organisms which can be mistaken for T. vaginalis. In tropical climates it is easy for saline solutions to become contaminated.

Dry smear for Gram staining to detect Candida and examine for clue cells

Use a sterile swab to collect a specimen from the vagina. Transfer the sample to a microscope slide and spread it to make a thin smear. Allow the smear to air-dry, protected from insects and dust. Label and deliver to the laboratory with the wet preparation.

Collection of semen

Give the person a clean, dry, leak-proof container, and request him to collect a specimen of semen at home following 3–7 days of sexual abstinence.

Note: When a condom is used to collect the fluid, this must be well-washed to remove the powder which coats the rubber. It must be dried completely before being used.

Coitus interruptus: This method of collection should not be used because the first portion of the ejaculate (often containing the highest concentration of spermatozoa) may be lost. Also, the acid pH of vaginal fluid can affect sperm motility and the semen may become contaminated with cells and bacteria.

Sample centrifugation

Definitions:

Plasma – the liquid portion of the blood after centrifugation of a specimen in which an anticoagulant has prevented a clot formation.
Serum – the liquid portion of the blood after centrifugation of a specimen that has been allowed to clot

Procedure:

Wait 20 - 30 minutes after drawing the blood in a tube that does not contain an anti-coagulant.
Balance each tube to be spun with the same sized tube that contains an equal volume of fluid. The balance tube may contain water.
The same sized tubes are placed exactly opposite (diagonally) to each other in the centrifuge.
Close centrifuge lid and ensure that it is locked.

Set timer and speed, (for serum, 10 -12 min at 3000-4000 RPM) & (for plasma, 15-18 min at1500- 2000 RPM) & (urine or any other fluids, 5-8 min at 1500 - 2000 RPM) & press start

Do not centrifuge at a higher speed or for a longer period than is necessary. This could cause hemolysis of the sample
Never open the centrifuge until the motor has stopped and the rotor has stopped spinning, otherwise infectious aerosols may be sprayed into the laboratory.

Rejection Criteria for Unacceptable Specimens

Samples are rejected, by the branch chemist, sorting staff or unit chemist electronically (on LDM system), through the monitor (reject sample)
Branch chemist (for branches' samples) & LTL call center supervisor (for labs' samples) are responsible for notifying the customer with the cause of rejection & ask for collection of another sample, with the aid of (rejected samples report on the LDM) & document the notification through the comment section of the sample result page

Rejection criteria:

Unlabeled/mislabeled
Inaccurate/conflicting label information (as compared to the laboratory requisition accompanying the specimen)
Clotted anticoagulant-collected specimens (lavender, light blue, green top tubes)
Fecal-contaminated urine
Delay in delivery
Any contaminated specimen
Quantity not sufficient (QNS)
Wrong tube type
Specimen improperly fixed

Haemolysed samples

Grossly lipaemic or icteric samples

Broken container
Delay in receipt of unrefrigerated specimen

Sample transportation

Samples are collected in a container that is rigid and capable of maintaining the integrity of the sample.
Tubes of blood are kept in a vertical position in a specimen rack. This position promotes complete clot formation and reduces agitation of the tube contents, which in turn reduces the potential for hemolysis. A closed specimen tube is also less likely to spill and become a safety hazard.
Examination requests are kept separated from the tubes, to avoid their contamination
Samples are transported within a time - frame appropriate to the nature of the requested examinations and the laboratory discipline concerned
Samples are transported within a temperature interval specified in the Samples stability table and with the designated preservatives to ensure the integrity of samples
Samples are transported, from branches, other labs or units, in a manner that ensures safety for the involved staff &the general public & in compliance with national, regional or local regulatory requirements.

Branch chemist prints a worklist for all samples, which are transported to the main branch, from the LDM and review it before delivering samples to the transporter
Samples collected from 9:00 am to 2:00 pm, are delivered to main branch, in the period from 3:00 -5:00 pm
Samples collected from 2:00 pm to 11:00 pm, are stored in the branch, over night to be delivered to main branch at 9:00 -11:00 am next day, except samples which must be run within shorter period of time, (they are sent with a branch representative to the main branch, immediately)
Samples collected from 2:00 pm to 11:00 pm, on thrusdays, are stored in the branch, to be delivered to main branch at 9:00 am -11:00 pm next saturday, except samples which must be run within shorter period of time, (they are sent with a branch representative to the main branch, immediately)
Urgent samples which are registered on LDM, as urgent, are marked with a colored marker & delivered to the main branch either, with the transporter (if he is already there at that time), or with a representative from the branch
Branch chemist checks the temperature of the sample transporter bag through the bag thermometer and records it in the F09P01.19.T_/ سركى فروع القاهرة F10P01.19.T_سركى / فروع خارج القاهرة F11P01.19.T_سركى الصعيد المجمع F12P01.19.T_ سيركي الباثولوجي (من الفروع) , if the temperature is not controlled (2 - 8°C), the branch chemist puts extra ice packs in the bag, frozen samples are transported in a cup of ice
When samples reach the main lab, the sorting & pathology unit staff member again checks the temperature of the bag & records in F09P01.19.T_/ سركى فروع القاهرة F11P01.19.T_سركى الصعيد المجمع/ F12P01.19.T_ سيركي الباثولوجي (من الفروع)
LTL transporter, is responsible for transportation of labs' samples, according to the mentioned criteria above

Transportation temperature

Frozen: -10° C or colder:

Prepare a separate aliquot for each test that is needed to be frozen. Use plastic tube, not glass tubes. Do not pack frozen specimens with non-frozen ones. Insulate the specimen to ensure that it does not come in direct contact with the ice.

Refrigerated 2-8° C:

Use a frozen coolant pack. Insulate the specimen to ensure that it does not come in direct contact with the coolant pack.

Room Temperature (Ambient) 15-25° C:

Room temperature specimens do not need to be packaged with coolant; however, extreme weather conditions could affect specimen quality. Take weather conditions into consideration.

Samples stability table

Analyte	Specimen stability
Analyte	Specimen stability
ACTH	Separated specimen measured immediately or Freeze at -20 ⁰C
AFP	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 3 months at -20 ⁰C
Albumin	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Albumin
ALT	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature,
ALT	2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Alkaline phosphatase	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
AMH	Separated specimens are stable for 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, if delay store at -20 ⁰C
Amylase	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 1 month at 2 – 8 ⁰C
ANA	Separated specimens are stable for 3 daysat 2 – 8 ⁰C, if delay store at -20 ⁰C
Anti CCP	Separated specimens are stable for 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 1 month at -20⁰C
Anti cardiolipin (IgG,IgM)	Separated specimens are stable for 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, if delay store at -20 ⁰C
Anti-DNA ds	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, if delay store at -20 ⁰C
Anti-phospholipid (IgG,IgM)	Separated specimens are stable for 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, if delay store at -20 ⁰C
ASCA (IgG , IgA)	Separated specimens are stable for 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, if delay store at -20 ⁰C
AST	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
ASOT	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Anti TPO	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C and 1 month at -10 ⁰C
B2 micro globulin	Separated specimens are stable for 24 hrs at 4 ˚C, If delay store at -10 ⁰C
B2 glycoprotein (IgG , IgM)	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 48 hrs at 2 – 8 ⁰C and 1 month at -20 ⁰C
B2 glycoprotein (IgG , IgM)
BUN	Separated specimens are stable for 3 - 5 hrs at room temperature, 7 days at 4 ⁰C
BUN
B-HCG	Separated specimens are stable for 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 12 months at -20 ⁰C
Bilirubin (total & direct)	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Bilirubin (total & direct)
C3	Separated specimens are stable for 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
CA 15.3	Separated specimens are stable for 5 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 3 months at -20 ⁰C
CA 125	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 3 months at -20 ⁰C
CA 19.9	Separated specimens are stable for 30 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 3 months at -20 ⁰C
CA 72.4	Separated specimens are stable for 30 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 3 months at -20 ⁰C
CA 242	Separated specimens are stable for 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, if delay store at -20 ⁰C
Calcium	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
CEA	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
Cholesterol	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
CK	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
CMV IgM	Separated specimens are stable for 4 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 14 days at -20 ⁰C
Cortisol	Separated specimens are stable for 5 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 3 months at -20 ⁰C
C-peptide	Separated specimens are stable for 4 hrs at room temperature, 24 hrs at 2 – 8 ⁰C and 1 month at -20 ⁰C
Creatinine	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
CRP	Separated specimens are stable for 4 hrs at room temperature, 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
CYFRA 21.1	Separated specimens are stable for 4 weeks at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
Digoxin	Separated specimens are stable for 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
DEHA – S	Separated specimens are stable for 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
DEHA – S
E2	Separated specimens are stable for 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
EBV (IgG , IgM)	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, if delay store at -20 ⁰C
Fasciola	Separated specimens are stable for 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, if delay store at -20 ⁰C
Ferritin	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 12 months at -20 ⁰C
Free B-HCG	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C and 10 months at -20 ⁰C
Free PSA	Separated specimens are stable for 5 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 3 months at -20 ⁰C
FSH	Separated specimens are stable for 14 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
FT3	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 1 month at -20 ⁰C
FT4	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 1 month at -20 ⁰C
GGT	Separated specimens are stable for 5 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Glucose	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 3 days at 4 ⁰C
Growth hormone	Separated specimens are stable for 24 hrs at 4 ˚C, If delay store at -10 ⁰C
HBS Ag	Separated specimens are stable for 24 hrs at room temperature, 6 days at 2 - 8 ⁰C
HCV Ab	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
HDL	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
HIV	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
HSV (IgG , IgM)	Separated specimens are stable for 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, If delay store at -20 ⁰C
IgE total	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
Insulin	Separated specimens are stable for 24 hrs at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
Iron	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
LDH	Separated specimens are stable for 24 hrs at room temperature, 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
LDH
LDL	Separated specimens are stable for 5 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
LH	Separated specimens are stable for 14 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
Lipase	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Mg	Separated specimens are stable for 10 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
NSE	Separated specimens are stable for 6 hrs at room temperature, 2 4 hrs at 2 – 8 ⁰C and 3 months at -20 ⁰C
17-OH P4	Separated specimens are stable for 24 hrs at 4 ˚C, If delay store at -10 ⁰C
PAPP-A	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C and 3 months at -20 ⁰C
Phenytoin	Separated specimens are stable for 2 days at room temperature, 8 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C and 5 months at -20 ⁰C
Phospherous	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Procalcetonin	Separated specimens are stable for 24 hrs at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 3 months at -20 ⁰C
Progesterone	Separated specimens are stable for 5 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
Prolactin	Separated specimens are stable for 14 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
PSA total	Separated specimens are stable for 5 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 months at -20 ⁰C
PTH	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C and 6 months at -20 ⁰C
RF	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Rose Waller	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 3months at -20 ⁰C
Rubella IgM , IgG	Separated specimens are stable for 14 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Schistosomal Ab	Separated specimens are stable for 72 hrs at 2 – 8 ⁰C, if delay store at -20 ⁰C
SHGB	Separated specimens are stable for 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 1 month at -20 ⁰C
T3	Separated specimens are stable for 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 1 month at -20 ⁰C
T4	Separated specimens are stable for 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 1 month at -20 ⁰C
Testosterone	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 6 month at -20 ⁰C
Testosterone free	Separated specimens are stable for 24 hrs at 4 ˚C, If delay store at -10 ⁰C
Thyroglobulin	Separated specimens are stable for 24 hrs at room temperature, 3 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C and 1 month at -20 ⁰C
Toxoplasmosis IgM , IgG	Separated specimens are stable for 3 days at room temperature, 14 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Triglyceride	Separated specimens are stable for 8 hrs at room temperature, 2 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Troponin T	Separated specimens are stable for 24 hrs at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 12 months at -20 ⁰C
TSH	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 1 month at -20 ⁰C
Valporic acid	Separated specimens are stable for 7 days at 2 – 8 ⁰C, 3 months at -20 ⁰C
Factor V	Don’t store blood for more than 3 days at ambient temperature or more than 1 week at 2 – 8 ⁰C
FMF	Don’t store blood for more than 3 days at ambient temperature or more than 1 week at 2 – 8 ⁰C
Jak 2	Don’t store blood for more than 3 days at ambient temperature or more than 1 week at 2 – 8 ⁰C
PCR -HCV	Stored at 2 – 8 ⁰C for up to 6 hr. Freezing at -20 ⁰C or -80 ⁰C in aliquots is recommended
HBsAg	Stored at 2 – 8 ⁰C for up to 6 hr. Freezing at -20 ⁰C or -80 ⁰C in aliquots is recommended

Sample storage

After processing of all samples, specimens will be stored as follows:

Specimen/Sample Types	Retention Time
Routine plasma	Coagulation: (4 hours)
Serum-Serology tests including Hepatitis & PCR	1 day
Urine	Routine urine analysis 6 hours
EDTA bloods	7 days for Hb 2 days for WBCs and platelets 1 day for HbA1c
Peripheral blood smears	4 hours (except for consultation)
Bone marrow smears	1 years

Time limits for requesting additional examinations

As the age of the specimen may impact on the validity of test results, feasibility of using the initial specimen for analysis, should be checked, before adding other tests
The test can be ordered according to the following table:

Specimen/Sample Types	Time limits
Routine citrated plasma	Coagulation: (within 4 hours)
Serum (for chemistry or hormones) and Serology tests including Hepatitis	Within 24 hours
Urine	Routine urine analysis within 6 hours
EDTA bloods	Within 7 days for Hb Within 2 days for WBCs and platelets Within 24 hours for HbA1c and reticulocytes count
Peripheral blood smears	Within 4 hours

TAT of tests which are analyzed in runs

Result	Run	Test
Next Day	Daily 9 am	HCV BY PCR (Quali, Quanti)
Next Day	Daily 9 am	HBV BY PCR (Quali, Quanti)
Next Day	الاحد – الاربعاء	T.B By PCR
Next Day	السبت – الثلاثاء	CMV By PCR
Next Day	السبت – الثلاثاء	HIV BY PCR
Same Day	Daily 9 am	HSV by pcr - H1N1
Next Day	Daily 9 am	HCV By TMA
Next Day	الأحد	FMF, Factor V Leiden by PCR, Interlukin 28B, AB Thrombo type , MTHFR, JAK2
Same Day	السبت - الاثنين - الاربعاء	Protein Electectrophoresis
Same Day	الاحد – الثلاثاء – الخميس	Hemoglobin Electectrophoresis
1 Weeks	Daily	Fibro Acti Test & Fibro Max
Same Day	Daily	Anti CCP Ab
Same Day	Daily	ANA - Titre
Same Day	Daily	ADNA (ds) – Titre
Same Day	Daily	ASMA
Same Day	Daily	AMA
Same Day	السبت 4م	ASCA
Same Day	Daily	Anti Cardiolipin (IgG & IgM)
Same Day	Daily	IgE (Total)
Same Day	Daily	Anti-Thyroid Ab
Same Day	*السبت9ص الاثنين9ص* الاربعاء9ص**	Anti-Sperm Ab in Serum
Same Day	*السبت9ص الاثنين9ص* الاربعاء9ص**	17 Hydroxy Progesterone
Weekly	Weekly	IgE Specific Food (Rast)
Weekly	Weekly	IgE Specific Inhalant (Rast)
Next Day	Daily	T.B Zeal Nelson Stain
Next Day	Daily	Fungus Examination
1 Week	Daily	Fungus C / S
1 Month	Daily	T.B C / S
3 Days	Daily	Pus C / S
72 Hours	Daily	Throat Swab C / S
72 Hours	Daily	Prostatic C / S
72 Hours	Daily	( Left, Right ) Conj. C / S
72 Hours	Daily	( Left, Right ) Ear C / S
72 Hours	Daily	Vaginal C / S
10 Days	Daily	Blood C / S
72 Hours	Daily	Cervical C / S
72 Hours	Daily	Sputum C / S
72 Hours	Daily	Urine C / S
72 Hours	Daily	Stool C / S

TAT of routine tests

TEST	TAT (ROUTINE)	TAT (URGANT)	Reporting time
CBC (Complete Blood Picture)	4 hours	1 hours	48 hours
HaemoglobinHb	4 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Platelets Count	4 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Total leucocytic count (TLC).	4 hours	1 hour	24 hours
BUN	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Blood Urea	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Creatinine (Serum)	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Fasting Blood Glucose	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Post Prandial Blood Glucose	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Total Protein - Serum	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Uric acid ( Serum )	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
ALT (SGPT)	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
AST (SGOT)	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Alkaline Phosphatase	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
GGT	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Cholesterol	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Triglycerides	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
HDL-Cholesterol	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Lipid profile	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
Albumin	2 hours	1 hour	24 hours
PSA (Total)*	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
Ferritin*	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
Progesterone*	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
Testosterone (Total)	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
Total T4	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
Free T4	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
TSH	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
AFP*	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
Prolactin	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
B- HCG (Quantitative)*	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
LH	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
FSH	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
E2*	4 hours	2 hours	24 hours
HCV RNA RT-PCR	24 hours	24 hours	48 hours
HBV DNA RT-PCR	24 hours	24 hours	48 hours

Critical value reporting

A Critical Value: is defined as a value that represents a Pathophysiological state which is life threatening and requires immediate appropriate intervention, unlike an abnormal test result which does not require immediate appropriate intervention

Responsibility

Branch chemist (for branches' results) & LTL call center supervisor (for labs' results), are responsible for reporting critical results to authorized personnel (physician - patient or patient's relative for the former & lab director, for the later) & electronically document it

Procedure

The specimen is examined, for sample integrity and rerun one more time, then verified for release
Branch chemist (for branches' results) & LTL call center supervisor (for labs' results), check the LDM system (panic cases report monitor) periodically (every 1 hour), for critical results & use the monitor (receive results), to record & document the reporting, after they call the authorized personnel to inform them with the name of the test & its critical result & make them read back what they heard
All critical results are reported within maximum one shift (6 hours), from verification for release

Critical results for different tests

Chemistry

Test	Units	Lower limit	Upper limit	Comment
Albumin (children)	g/dL	1.7	6.8	Serum or plasma
Ammonia (children)	µmol/L	-	109	Plasma
Bilirubin (newborn)	mg/dL	-	15	Serum or plasma
Calcium	mg/dL	6.0	13	Serum or plasma
Calcium (newborn)	mg/dL	6.5	12.7	Serum or plasma
Calcium, ionized	mmol/L	0.75	1.6	Plasma
Carbon dioxide, total	mmol/L	10	40	Serum or plasma
Chloride	mmol/L	80	120	Serum or plasma
Creatinine	mg/dL	-	5.0	Serum or plasma
Creatinine (children)	mg/dL	-	3.8	Serum or plasma
Glucose	mg/dL	40	450	Serum or plasma
Glucose (children)	mg/dL	46	445	Serum or plasma
Glucose (newborn)	mg/dL	30	325	Serum or plasma
Glucose, CSF	mg/dL	40	200	CSF
Glucose , CSF (children)	mg/dL	31	-	CSF
Lactate	mmol/L	-	3.4	Plasma
Lactate (children)	mmol/L	-	4.1	Plasma
Magnesium	mg/dL	1.0	4.7	Serum or plasma
Osmolality	mOsm/kg	250	325	Serum or plasma
Phosphorus	mg/dL	1.0	8.9	Serum or plasma
Potassium	mmol/L	2.8	6.2	Serum or plasma
Potassium (newborn)	mmol/L	2.8	7.8	Serum or plasma
Protein (children)	g/dL	3.4	9.5	Serum or plasma
Protein, CSF (children)	mg/dL	-	188	CSF
Sodium	mmol/L	120	160	Serum or plasma
Urea nitrogen	mg/dL	-	80	Serum or plasma
Uric acid	mg/dL	-	13	Serum or plasma
Uric acid (children)	mg/dL	-	12	Serum or plasma

Hematology

Test		Units	Lower limit	Upper limit	Comment
Hematocrit	Adult	%	20	60	First report only
Hematocrit	Newborn	%	33	71	First report only
Hemoglobin	Adult	g/dL	7	20	First report only
Hemoglobin	Newborn	g/dL	11	22	First report only
WBCs	Adult	x10³/µL	2.0	30	First report only
WBCs	Children	x10³/µL	2.0	43
Platelets		x10³/µL	40	1000
Blasts		x10³/µL	Any seen		First report only

Coagulation

Test	Units	Lower limit	Upper limit
Fibrinogen	mg/dL	100	800
PT (Prothrombin time)	s	-	30
PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time)	s	-	78

Test

Units

Lower limit

Upper limit

Comment

Fibrinogen

mg/dL

100

800

(Prothrombin time)

PTT

(Partial Thromboplastin Time)

Urine analysis

Test	Units	Lower limit	Upper limit	Comment
Chemical	Strongly positive glucose and ketones

Cerebrospinal fluid

Test	Units	Lower limit	Upper limit
WBCs (0 – 1 yr)	Cells per µL	-	>30
WBCs (1 – 4 yr)		-	>20
WBCs (5 – 17 yr)		-	>10
WBCs (> 17 yr)		-	> 5
Malignant cells , blast, or microorganisms		Any	Applies to other sterile body fluids

Therapeutic drugs

Test	Units	Therapeutic level		Toxic level		Comment
		Peak	Trough	Peak	Trough
Acetaminophen	µg/mL	10 - 30		4 hr after dose >200 12 hr after dose >50
Amikacin	µg/mL	25 – 35	Less severe infection 1 – 4 Severe infection 4 - 8	>35	>10
Carbamazepine Tegretol	µg/mL	4 - 12		>15
Chloramphenicol	µg/mL	10 - 25		>25		Gray baby syndrome >40
Cyclosporine A (Sandimmune)	ng/mL	12 hr after dose 100 – 400 24 hr after dose 100 - 200		> 400
Digoxin (Lanoxin)	ng/mL	0.5 – 1.0		Adult > 2.0 Child >3.0
Gentamicin	µg/mL	Less severe infection 5 – 8 Severe infection 8 - 10	Less severe infection < 1 Moderate infection <2 Severe infection<4	>10	>2
Lidocaine	µg/mL	1.5 – 6.0		CNS ,cardiovascular depression 6 - 8 Seizures, obtundaion, decreased cardiac output >8
Lithium	mEq/L	0.6 – 1.2		> 2
Methotrexate (Trexall)	µmol/L			1 – 2 wk after low-dose therapy > 0.2 24 hr after high-dose therapy ≥ 5 48 hr after high-dose therapy ≥ 0.5 72 hr after high-dose therapy ≥ 0.05
Phenobarbital	µg/mL	Children 15 – 35 Adult 20 - 40		Slowness , ataxia, nystagmus 35 – 80 Coma with reflexes 65 – 117 Coma without reflexes >10
Phenytoin	µg/mL	– 20		>20
Procainamide	µg/mL	– 12		>10
Quinidine	µg/mL	2 - 5		>6
Salicylates	µg/mL	Analgesia , antipyresis <100 Anti-inflammatory 150 - 300		>100		Lethal , 24+hrsafter a dose or with chronic ingestion >500
Sirolimus (Rapamune, Rapamycin)	ng/mL	3 - 20		>20
Tacrolimus (FK 506, Prograf)	ng/mL	3 - 50		>25
Theophylline	µg/mL	Bronchodilator 8 – 20 Prem apnea 6 - 13		>20

Blood gases

Test	Units	Lower limit	Upper limit	Comment
pH		7.2	7.6	Arterial, capillary
PCO₂	mmHg	20	65	Arterial, capillary
PO₂	mmHg	40	-	Arterial
PO₂ (Children)	mmHg	45	125	Arterial
PO₂ (newborn)	mmHg	35	90	Arterial

Final report contenet

The report includes, but not be limited to, the following:

a clear identification of the examination including, where appropriate, the examination procedure;
identification of the laboratory that issued the report;
identification of all examinations that have been performed by a referral laboratory;
patient identification and patient location on each page;
name or other unique identifier of the requester and the requester’s contact details;
date of primary sample collection (and time, when available and relevant to patient care);
type of primary sample;
examination results reported in SI units, units traceable to SI units, or other applicable units;
biological reference intervals, clinical decision values, or diagrams/nomograms supporting clinical decision values, where applicable;
interpretation of results, where appropriate;
other comments such as cautionary or explanatory notes (e.g. quality or adequacy of the primary sample which may have compromised the result, results/interpretations from referral laboratories, use of developmental procedure);
identification of examinations undertaken as part of a research or development programme and for which no specific claims on measurement performance are available;
identification of the person(s) reviewing the results and authorizing the release of the report (if not contained in the report, readily available when needed);
date of the report, and time of release (if not contained in the report, readily available when needed);
page number to total number of pages

Internet Result reporting

The customer (patient – physician – lab), can have an ID and a password in order to receive the results from the website (www.royal-lab.net) (N.B: the ID and the password are printed in the financial receipt on the patient demands)

The ID can be either:

The patient accession number: which the number of the patient's current visit

The patient number: which is a permanent number for the patient

A complaint can be filed, through one of the following ways:

Call the call center 16064
Contact personally with Branch staff; Branch manager, Chemist, Receptionist
Lab website: royallab@royal-lab.net

After the complaint is registered, the procedure of P01.09.Q Nonconformities, Complaints & incident management, is followed

Tests Menu

Requirements

Test Menu

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation : AMA
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirectimmunofluorescence

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::4 days (3day)

Reference range: Negative < 1/20

Measuring unit : titer

Test code : AM

Anti-Mitochondrial Abs

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation: ANA
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirectimmunofluorescence

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::4 days

Reference range: Negative < 1/20

Measuring unit : titer

Test code : ANA

Anti-Nuclear Abs

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation: APA
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirectimmunofluorescence

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 3 days at Saturday

Reference range: Negative < 1/20

Measuring unit : titer

Test code : -

Anti-Parietal Cell Abs

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation: ASCA
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirectimmunofluorescence

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::7 days

Reference range: Negative < 10

Measuring unit : U/mL

Test code : -

Anti sacromyces Ab

IgA , IgG

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation: ASMA
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: indirectimmunofluorescence

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::3 days

Reference range: Negative 1/20

Measuring unit : Titre

Test code : ASMA

Anti Smooth Muscle Abs

Unit: Send out

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::35 days

Reference range:

Negative : < 7

Uncertain : 7 – 10

Positive : > 10

Measuring unit : U/mL

Test code : -

Anti Beta 2 Glycoprotein IgG, IgM

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:ELISA ()

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::3 days (1day)

Reference range: <25

Measuring unit : U/mL

Test code : CCP - ACCP -

Anti CCP Abs

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:ELISA

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::2 days

Reference range:

IgG : 0 - 10

IgM : 0 – 7

Measuring unit : MPL U/ml

Test codeACL M

Anti Cardiolipin IgG, IgM

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:Indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::35 days

Reference range: <1/40

Measuring unit : Titer

Test code-

Anti Centromere

IgA, IgG

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:Indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::35 days

Reference range: < 1/5

Measuring unit : Titer

Test code-

Anti Endomysial

IgA, IgG

Unit: Send out

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:Immunoradiometri (IRMA)

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::35 days

Reference range: 0 - 9

Measuring unit : U/ml

Test code-

Anti Gad Ab

Unit: Send out

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::35 days

Reference range:

Anti Gliadin IgA :

Positive: > 18 U/L
Negative: < 12 U/L
Uncertain: 12 - 18 U/L

Anti Gliadin IgG

Positive: > 24 U
Negative: < 16 U
Uncertain: 16 - 24 U

Anti Gliadin IgM

< 1/20

Measuring unit : U, U/L

Test code-

Anti Gliadin

IgA , IgG, IgM

Unit: Send out

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::20 days

Reference range: < 20

Measuring unit : IU/ml

Test code-

Anti Histone Ab

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:ELISA

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::7 days

Reference range: 0 - 10

Measuring unit : U/ml

Test code-

Anti Insulin Abs

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:ELISA

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::7 days

Reference range: Negative

Measuring unit : -

Test code-

Anti Jo 1 Abs

Unit: Send out

Test abbreviation: AKA
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::10 days

Reference range: Negative

Measuring unit : -

Test code-

Anti Keratin antibody

Unit: Send out

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:Immunoblotting

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::35 days

Reference range: Negative

Measuring unit : -

Test code-

Anti Liver Soluble Ag

Unit: Send out

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::10 days

Reference range: Negative

Measuring unit : -

Test code-

Anti Melanocyte Ab

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::3 day

Reference range: 0 - 34

Measuring unit : IU/mL

Test codeATPO

Anti Microsomal / Peroxidase

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::3 day

Reference range: 0 - 34

Measuring unit : IU/mL

Test code-

Anti Microsomal Abs

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::35 day

Reference range: Negative

Measuring unit : -

Test code-

Anti Myeline Ab

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::3 day

Reference range: 0 - 34

Measuring unit : IU/mL

Test code-

Anti Peroxidase Abs

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::3 day

Reference range:

Anti-Phospholipids IgG : 0 – 10

Anti-Phospholipids IgM : 0 - 7

Measuring unit :

Anti-Phospholipids IgG: GPL/ml

Anti-Phospholipids IgM : MPL/ml

Test code

Anti-Phospholipids IgG : AP G

Anti-Phospholipids IgM : AP M

Anti Phospholipids IgG, IgM,

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::7 day

Reference range: Negative

Measuring unit :-

Test code-

Anti Reticulin Abs

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::35 day

Reference range: Less than 1/20

Measuring unit :-

Test code-

Anti Reticulin Abs IgA, IgG, IgM

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:ELISA

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::3 day

Reference range: 0 - 15

Measuring unit :- U

Test code- SSA

Anti SSA RO

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:ELISA

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::3 day

Reference range: 0 - 15

Measuring unit :- U

Test code- SSB

Anti SSB LA

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:ELISA

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::3 day

Reference range: Negative

Measuring unit :-

Test code- SCL

Anti Scl 70

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::7 day

Reference range: <1/20

Measuring unit :-

Test code-

Anti-Skeletal Muscle Ab

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:ELISA

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::3 day

Reference range: <1/20

Measuring unit :- titre

Test code-

Anti-Smith Abs

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:ELISA

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 3 day

Reference range: Negative

Measuring unit :- titer

Test code-

Anti-Sperm Ab in Semen

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: -
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:chemiluminescence

Equipment: Immulyte 2000

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 3 day

Reference range: 0 - 40

Measuring unit :- IU/mL

Test code-

Anti Thyroglobulin

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 3ml Plasma EDTA frozen.
Container:Lavender EDTA Type.

Test Method: PCR

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 20 Days.

Reference Range:

Positive : >1X10^4 copies / ml

Negative : <1X10^4 copies / ml

Measuring unit: copies / ml

Test code: N/A

BK. Virus in Plasma

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 10Cm Urine.
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method: PCR

Equipment:PCR.

Collection:Sterile Cup

Patient Preparation:"Random urine sample, Avoid addition of water (strict supervision)"

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 20 Days.

Reference Range:

Positive : >1X10^7 copies / ml

Negative : <1X10^7 copies / ml

Measuring unit: copies / ml

Test code: N/A

BK. Virus PCR in Urine

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: - C2
Specimen Volume & Type: Fresh Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:Radial immunodiffusion

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 35 day

Reference range: 1.4 - 2.5

Measuring unit :- mg/dL

Test code-

Complement - 2

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: - C3
Specimen Volume & Type: Fresh PLASMA ( Anticoagulant: EDTA ) 1.0 ml
Container: violet-top tube

Test Method:Nephelometry

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 1 day

Reference range: 90 - 180

Measuring unit :- mg/dL

Test code-

Complement 3

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: - C4
Specimen Volume & Type: Fresh PLASMA ( Anticoagulant: EDTA ) 1.0 ml
Container: violet-top tube

Test Method:Nephelometry

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 1 day

Reference range: 10 - 40

Measuring unit :- mg/dL

Test code-

Complement - 4

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: - C5
Specimen Volume & Type: Fresh PLASMA ( Anticoagulant: EDTA ) 1.0 ml
Container: violet-top tube

Test Method:Nephelometry

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 35 day

Reference range: 4 - 15

Measuring unit :- mg/dL

Test code-

Complement - 5

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: - CH100
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 2.0 ml. Frozen
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:Radial Immunodiffusion

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: Frozen -20 ° C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 35 day

Reference range: 392 - 1019

Measuring unit :- U/mL

Test code-

CH 100

Unit: immunology

Test abbreviation: - DNA Ds
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 2 day

Reference range: Negative < 1/20

Measuring unit :- titer

Test codeDNF

DNA (Anti DNA DS)

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: GBM
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Fluoroimmunoassay (CAP System).

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 35 day

Reference range:

Positive: > 10 U/mL

Negative: < 7 U/mL

Intermediate : 7 - 10 U/mL

Measuring unit :- U/mL

Test code:

Glomerular Basement Membrane Abs

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation: --
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: --

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 10 day

Reference range: Negative.

Measuring unit :- ---

Test code:

Islet cell Abs

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: LKM
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: --

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 3 day

Reference range: < 1/20

Measuring unit :- Titer

Test code: LKM

Liver Kidney Microsomal Ab (LKM)

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: RNP
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:ELISA

Equipment: --

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 3 day

Reference range: Negative

Measuring unit :- ---

Test code: --

(Anti Ribo Nucleoprotein Ab) RNP

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: thglo
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:chemiluminescence

Equipment: Immulyte 2000

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 2 day

Reference range: 3 - 42

Measuring unit :- ng/mL

Test code: thglo

Thyroglobulin

Unit: send out

Test abbreviation:
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:Enzyme immunoassay

Equipment: --

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 35 day

Reference range:

Positive: > 12 U/mL
Negative: < 8 U/mL
Uncertain: 8 - 12 U/mL

Measuring unit :- U/mL

Test code: --

Tissue Trans glutamines (TTG) IgA, IgG,

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: ANCA C
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 4 day

Reference range: < 1/20

Measuring unit :- Titer

Test code: --

ANCA C (Anti neutrophil Cytoplasmic Abs)

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: ANCA P
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 4 day

Reference range: < 1/20

Measuring unit :- Titer

Test code: --

ANCA P (Anti neutrophil Cytoplasmic Abs)

Unit: Immunology

Test abbreviation: --
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:chemiluminescence

Equipment: Immulyte 2000

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 2 day

Reference range: 1 - 34

Measuring unit :- IU/ml

Test code: --

Anti-Thyroid Abs (Microsomal / peroxidase)

ANA

AMA

ASMA

LKM

DsDNA

Anti SS.B

Anti SS.A

Autoimmune profile-

Creatinine in Urine

Unit: chemistry

Test abbreviation: --
Specimen Volume & Type: : 24 urine collection (see page 21 urine collection)
Container:large plastic container (delivered by the Lab)

Test Method:Kinetic colorimetric assay

Equipment: Cobas 6000

Collection: 5 ml for 24 hrs collection

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time::Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference range: Male : 39 - 259

Female : 28 - 217

Measuring unit :- mg/dL

5 Nucleotidase

Unit: Send out

Test abbreviation: ---
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:enzyme Kinetics

Equipment:-

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time: 15 day

Reference range: 2 - 17

Measuring unit :- Iu/L

A/G Ratio

Unit: chemistry

Test abbreviation: ---
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:

Albumin : BCG Dye Binding

Total Protein : biuret

Equipment: Advia 1800

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference range: 1.2 - 2.1

Measuring unit :- ratio

Total Protein

Unit: chemistry

Test abbreviation: ---
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 2.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:

Advia 1800: Biuret, serum blank, end point

Equipment: Advia 1800

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference range:

From :0 ay - To :6 Days: 4.6 -: 7

From :7 Days to 6 Months : 4.4 - 7.6

From : 6 Months - 1 Year: 5.1 - 7.3

From : 1 Year - 2 Year: 5.6 - 7.5

From : 2 Year - 18 Years :6 - 8

From : 18 Years - 60 Years : 6.4 -: 8.3

From :> 60 Y: 6.2 - 8.1

Measuring unit : g/dL

ADA (Adenosine Deaminase in Pleural Fluid)

Unit: chemistry

Test abbreviation: ADA
Specimen Volume & Type: : 3 mL pleural fuild Refrigerated
Container: small container/plain tube

Test Method:Kinetic colorimetric assay

Equipment: -Manual

Collection:delivered to the laboratory

Patient Preparation No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::1 day

Reference range: 0 - 24

Measuring unit :- U/l

ADA (Adenosine Deaminase in Serum)

Unit: chemistry

Test abbreviation:
Specimen Volume & Type: : Serum 3.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method:Kinetic colorimetric assay

Equipment: -Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 1 day

Reference range: 0 - 24

Measuring unit :- U/l

ALT (SGPT)

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container:Red-top tube

Test Method:

Advia 1800 :UV with P5P, kinetic

Equipment: Dimension/ Cobas 6000.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: The patient should not exercise prior to sample collection.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference range

Male : 0 - 41
Female : 0 - 33

Measuring unit :- U/l

Test code: ALT - 62

AST (SGOT)

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container:Red-top tube

Test Method:

Dimension :UV with P5P, kinetic
Cobas 6000 : UV without P5P

Equipment: Dimension/ Cobas 6000.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference range

Male : 0 - 40
Female : 0 - 32

Measuring unit :- U/l

Test code:AST - 63

Acid Phosphatase (Prostatic - PAP)

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 1.0 ml fresh frozen serum
Container:Red-top tube

Test Method:UV

Equipment: Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

N.B:

Acid phosphatase is extremely unstable. Collect serum samples and immediately place the collection container into a container of ice water.
Centrifuge the sample as soon as possible and run immediately.
If specimen storage is necessary, serum only should be preserved with citrate and freeze sample.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
serum only should be preserved with citrate and freeze sample.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 1 day

Reference range 0 - 4

Measuring unit :- U/l

Test code: ACID P

Acid Phosphatase (Total)

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 1.0 ml fresh frozen serum
Container:Red-top tube

Test Method:UV

Equipment: Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

N.B:

Acid phosphatase is extremely unstable. Collect serum samples and immediately place the collection container into a container of ice water.
Centrifuge the sample as soon as possible and run immediately.
If specimen storage is necessary, serum only should be preserved with citrate and freeze sample.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Serum only should be preserved with citrate and freeze sample.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 1 day

Reference range

Child : (0 - 12 Y): 3.4 -: 9
Adult : (12 Y - 99 Y): 1.5 - 4.5

Measuring unit :- U/l

Test code:ACID T

Albumin / Creatinine Ratio

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 1 - 3 mL from a random urine collection

Container:Urine container (cup)

Test Method:

Albumin in Urine : Colorimetric assay
Creatinine in urine : Kinetic colorimetric assay

Equipment: Cobas 6000

Collection:Random Sample

A random urine sample may be obtained by voiding into a urine cup and

It is preferred to be performed at the laboratory.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: : refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 1 day

Reference range

Normal: Less than 30

Microalbuminurea:30-300

Clinical Albuminurea:> 300

Measuring unit :- ug alb/mg creat

Test code:

Albumin in CSF

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 mL

Container: container (cup)/plain tube

Test Method:Colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Random Sample delivered to the Lab

N.B : Great care must be taken when handling C.S.F. because the specimen is obtained by lumbar puncture. Only limited amount of fluid can be withdrawn from a patient at any one time.

Patient Preparation:Lumber puncture to be done in a operating theatre

N.B: A lumbar puncture is a medical procedure where a needle is inserted into the lower part of the spine, in order to look for evidence of conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord or other parts of the nervous system.

Storage Instructions: : refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 1 day

Reference range17.7 - 25.1

Measuring unit :- mg/dL

Test code:

Albumin in Serum

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: Serum 1.0 ml. Refrigerated
Container:Red-top tube

Test Method:Colorimetric assay

Equipment: Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Gross Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference range

3.4 – 5.0 g/dL

Measuring unit :- g/dL

Test code: 67 – alb

Alcohol in blood qualitative

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 5 ml plasmaEDTA
Container:violet- top tube
Test Method: turbidimetry/ nephelometry

Equipment: turbidimeter /nephelometer

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Submit unopened tube only. Clean site with non-alcoholic soap only.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection: Gross hemolysis.

Reporting time:: 1 Days.

Reference Range: Negative

Measuring unit

Alcohol in Breath

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: Exhaled Breath.
Container:Alcohol breath detector
Test Method:chromogenic reaction

Equipment:. Alcohol breath detector

Collection: Through Exhaled Breath

Patient Preparation: . No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Reading time: 2 minutes
Reading stability : 5 minutes
Storage temperature : 2 – 30 °C

Causes for rejection:N/A

Reporting time:: 1 days

Reference Range:Negative

Measuring unit

Aldolase

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red top tube.

Test Method: turbidimetry/ nephelometry

Equipment: turbidimeter /nephelometer

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection: Gross hemolysis.

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range: 0 - 7.6

Measuring unit

Alkaline Phosphatase

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum or plasma
Container:Red-top or

Test Method: PNPP, AMP Buffer

Equipment:Dimension/Cobas 6000

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 Days:1 Days: 0 -: 250

From : 2 days - 5 Days: 0 - 231

From: 6 Days 6 Months: 0 - 449

From: 6 Months -1 Year: 0 - 462

From: 1 Year - 3 Year: 0 - 281

From: 3 Years - 6 Years: 0 - 269

From: 6 Years - 12 Years: 0 - 300

From: 12 Years - 17 Years : 0 - 390

From: >17 Years Male : 40: 130

From: : > 17 Years Female: 35 - 105

Measuring unit U/l

Test code: 64 - alk

Alpha Glucosidase (semen)

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Seminal Fluid.
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method: Photometric Method

Equipment:-

Collection: delivered by the patient

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate at2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 7Days.

Reference Range:More than 20

Measuring unitIU/mL

Test code: N/A

Aluminium in Serum

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum.
Container:Red-top tube

Test Method: Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Graphite furnace

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Normal : 0 - 5.51

Patient in hemodialysis : 20 - 550

Medication : < 30

Measuring unit: ug/L

Test code: N/A

Aluminium in Urine

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 3ml Urine.
Container: Random specimen: Plastic urine container
Test Method: ICP-MS.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Sterile cup

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection: Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 5 - 30

Measuring unit: ug/L

Test code: N/A

Amikacin (Amikin)

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum
Container:Red-top tube
Ward Remark: No gel tubes Accepted. Pharmacology (dosage time) sheet required.

Comments: Trough specimens should be drawn immediately prior to the next dose. Peak specimens should be drawn 1hr after initiation of 30 minute infusion, or 30 minutes after longer infusions.

Test Method: Polarized Fluorescent Immunoassay (PFIA).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Therapeutic values

Peak: 15.0 - 25.0

Trough: < 5.0

Measuring unitmg/L

Test code: N/A

Aminoacid Quantitative in Plasma

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA frozen at -20 °C.
Container:violet-top tube.

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: see report

Measuring unit : see report

Test code: N/A

Aminoacid Quantitative in Urine

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 10ml Urine 24Hours.
Container: Plastic urine container
24 Hours urine Specimen: Plastic urine container no preservative.

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-.

Collection:

Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: see report

Measuring unit : see report

Test code: N/A

Ammonia ( NH3 )

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 1ml Plasma EDTA Frozen.

For specimen collection and preparation, only use suitable tubes.
Only the specimens listed below were tested and found acceptable.
Do not use plasma prepared with other anticoagulants.
Do not use serum since ammonia can be generated during clotting.
Collect blood from stasis-free vein of fasting patient.
violet-top tube

Test Method:Enzymatic method

Equipment:Cobas 6000.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:Smoking should be avoided prior to sampling.

Storage Instructions:

Tubes should be filled completely and kept tightly stoppered at all times. Place immediately on ice and centrifuge, preferably at 4 °C. Perform analysis within 20 to 30 minutes of venipuncture.
Avoid contamination of samples by ammonia from smoking or traffic in laboratory or patient’s room, glassware, or water.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark
gross lipemia

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range:

:Male - Value From : 16 - 60

Female - Value From : 11 – 51

Measuring unit : umol/L

Test code: NH3

Amphetamine in Urine

Unit:Parasitology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Urine
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method:strip test

Equipment:Manual

Collection: Sterile Cup

Patient Preparation: "Random urine sample, Avoid addition of water (strict supervision)"

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C

Causes for rejection:Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24Hours

Reference Range: Comment : Negative

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

Amylase in Serum

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml serum or plasma (Li Heparin).
Container:Red-Top tube, or Green-top tune

Test Method:Enzymatic colorimetric assay

Equipment:Cobas 6000.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range:: 28 - 100.

Measuring unit : U/l

Test code: AMY

Amylase in urine

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type:Random urine sample.
Container:Random urine sample for Sterile Cup.

Comments: obtain instructions and collection container from laboratory.
Container must be labeled with patient’s full name, date and time collection started and date & time collection finished.

Test Method:Enzymatic colorimetric assay

Equipment:Cobas 6000.

Collection: Random urine sample.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range:

Male : 16 - 491
Female 21 – 447

Measuring unit : U/l

Test code: N/A

Amyloid A

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Serum.
Container:Red-Top tube.

Test Method: Nephelometry

Equipment: -.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 0 - 6.5

Measuring unit : mg/L

Test code: N/A

Anion gap

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Serum.
Container:Red-Top tube.

Test methos : ISE

Equipment:Cornley

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 2 Days.

Reference Range:

8 - 16 mEq / L Na- (Cl + Hco3))

10 - 20 mEq / L (Na + K) - (Cl + Hco3)

Measuring unit : unit

Test code: N/A

Anti IgA Ab

Unit: Send out

Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml Serum.

Container: Red tube

Test Method:Fluoroinmunoanalisis (CAP System).

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:Comment : Absence

Measuring unit :titre

Test code: N/A

Anti Sperm Ab in Cervical

Unit: Send out

Specimen Volume & Type:cervical mucus.

1.0 ml. Refrigerated".

Container:sterile container

Test Method:IF

Equipment:-.

Collection:by gynecologist

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C

Causes for rejection: insufficient sample

Reporting time::2 Days.

Reference Range:Comment : Absence

Measuring unit :N/A

Test code: N/A

Anti-Sperm Ab in Serum

Unit:Hormone.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red tube.

Test Method: IF

Equipment:

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 2 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 0 - Value To : 60

Measuring unit : U/mL

Test code: N/A

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) Quantitative in Serum

Unit:Hormone
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), sandwich principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Male : 0 - 99 Y ( 0 - 2.5)

Female: 0 - 99 Y ( 0 – 5)

Measuring unit : mIU/ml

Test code: HCG

Apolipoprotein A1

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum
Container:Red-top.

Test Method:Nephelometry

Equipment:Nephelometer

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis.
Improperly labeled specimen.
Specimen volume not sufficient.
Serum not separated from cells.

Reporting time:: 2 Days.

Reference Range:

From 4 Years-5 Years : Female:104 -163

From 4 Years -5 Years : Male:109 - 172

From: 5 Years - 11 Years :Male: 111 - 177

From: 5 Years - 11 Years :Female - 110 -166

From: 11Years – 19Years Male -: 99 - 165

From: 11Years – 19 Years:Female 105 - 180

From: 19 Years- 29 YearsMale : 105 - 173

From: 19 Years- 29 Years Female 111 - 209

From: 29 Years - 39 Years Male - 105 - 173

From: 29 Years - 39 Years Female: 110 - 189

From: 39 Years – 49 Years Male :103 - 178

From: 39 Years – 49 Years Female: 115 - 195

From: 49 Years - 59 Years Male 107 - 173

From: 49 Years - 59 Years Female: 117 - 211

From: 59 Years - 69 Years Male: 111 -184

From: 59 Years - 69 Years Female: 120 - 205

From: > 69 Years Male: 109 - 180

From: > 69 Years Female: 118 - 199

Measuring unit : mg/dl

Test code: N/A

Apolipoprotein B

Unit:Chemistry.

Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum
Container:Red-top.

Test Method: Nephelometry

Equipment: Nephelometer

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 2 Days.

Reference Range:

From 4 Years -5 Years : Female: 58 - 104

From 4 Years -5 Years : Male: 58 - 103

From: 5 Years - 11 Years :Male: 56 - 105

From: 5 Years - 11 Years :Female 57 - 113

From: 11Years – 19 Years Male : 55 - 110

From: 11Years – 19 Years: Female 53 - 114

From: 19 Years- 29 Years Male : 59 - 130

From: 19 Years- 29 Years Female 59 - 132

From: 29 Years - 39 Years Male - 63 - 143

From: 29 Years - 39 Years Female: 70 - 132

From: 39 Years – 49 Years Male : 71 - 152

From: 39 Years – 49 Years Female: 75 - 136

From: 49 Years - 59 Years Male 75 - 160

From: 49 Years - 59 Years Female: 75 - 168

From: 59 Years - 69 Years Male: 81 - 156

From: 59 Years - 69 Years Female: 75 - 173

From: > 69 Years Male: 73 - 152

From: > 69 Years Female: 79 – 168

Measuring unit : mg/dl

Test code: N/A

Arsenic in Plasma

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 10ml Whole Blood EDTA
Container:violet –top tube

Test Method: ICP-MS

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

People no exposition< 16
People exposition Toxicvalues : > 100

Measuring unit : ug / L

Test code: N/A

Arsenic in Urine

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type:20 ml Urine.
Container:Random urine sample for Sterile Cup.

Test Method: ICP-MS

Equipment:-.

Collection: Random urine sample.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35Days.

Reference Range:Occupational expoture at the end of the week Comment : < 35

Measuring unit : ug / L

Test code: N/A

Ascitic LDH/Serum LDH (Ascitic)

Unit:chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type:

5 ml Ascitic
2 ml serum

Container:

Sterile Cup for ascetic fluid
red-top tube.

Test Method: ICP-MS

Equipment:-.

Collection: abdominal tapping

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time::1 day

Reference Range:

Transudate : < 0.6
Exudate : > 0.6

Measuring unit : ratio {LDH (asitic)}/{Serum LDH (Ascitic)}

Test code: N/A

BLOOD PH

Unit:chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type:1 ml heparinized blood ( on Heparin) (arterial blood)
Container:green-top tube

Test Method:pH metry

Equipment:Blood Gas Analyzer

Collection:Arterial blood sampling

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:

Wrong sample tube
Not transported on ice within 1/2 an hour
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time::1 Day.

Reference Range:7.41

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

BUN

Blood Urea Nitogen (BUN)

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Red-top tube.

Test Method: UV, Urease, kinetic

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours,.

Reference Range:

< 7 D: 4 - 12

From: 8 Days - 18 Years : 5 - 18

From: 18 Years - 60 Years: 6 - 20

From: 60 Years - 99 Years: 8 - 23

Measuring unit : mg/dL

Test code: N/A

Barbiturates in Urine (qualitative)

Unit:Parasitology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Urine
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method:rapid strip test (immunoassay)

Equipment:Manual

Collection: Sterile Cup

Patient Preparation:

"Random urine sample, Avoid addition of water (strict supervision)"

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:Specimen quantity not sufficient

Reporting time:: 1 Day.

Reference Range:Negative

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

Benzodiazepine in Urine

Unit:Parasitology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Urine
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method: rapid strip test (immunoassay)

Equipment:Manual

Collection: Sterile Cup

Patient Preparation:

"Random urine sample, Avoid addition of water (strict supervision)"

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Specimen quantity not sufficient

Reporting time:: 1 Day.

Reference Range:Negative

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

Beta Galactosidase in semen

Unit:send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml semen
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method:spectrophotometry

Equipment:-

Collection: Sterile Cup

Patient Preparation:Random sample

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Specimen quantity not sufficient

Reporting time::20 days

Reference Range: mentioned in the report

Measuring unit : mentioned in the report

Beta Glucosidase in blood

Unit:send out
Specimen Volume & Type: contact main lab
Container: contact main lab
Test Method: spectrophotometry

Equipment:-

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: Random sample

Storage Instructions: contact main lab

Causes for rejection: Specimen quantity not sufficient

Reporting time:: 20 days

Reference Range: mentioned in the report

Measuring unit : mentioned in the report

Test code: N/A

Beta Hydroxy Butyric Acid

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum frozen.
Container:Red-top tube.

Test Method: Enzymatic.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: <4

Measuring unit : mmol/L

Test code: N/A

Bicarbonate

Unit: Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2.0 ml Heparinized arterial blood sample.
Container:Green Tube.

Test Method: spectrophotometry

Equipment:Blood Gases.

Collection:

Arterial blood sample2.0 ml
Heparinized arterial blood sample. Keep closed. Special Syringe

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 2 Days.

Reference Range: 24 – 29

Measuring unit : mmol/L

Test code: N/A

Bile Acid Total

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red-top tube.

Test Method: Enzymatic.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Basal: 2.5 - 8.1 ,
Post-prandial (120 minutes): 4.0 - 17.3

Measuring unit : umol/L

Test code: N/A

Bilirubin (Direct)

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum

Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 Day-1 Day: 0 .2 - 1.2

From :2 Days:3 Days:1.2 - 1.6

From :4 Days:5 D days: 1.2 - 2.5

From: >6 Days 0 - 0.25

Measuring unit :-. mg/dL

Test code: 61 - BIL D

Bilirubin (Total)

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8° C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 day-1 Day: 2 - 6

From :2 Days – 3 days: 6 - 12

From :4 Days – 5 days : 4 - 8

From: 6 Days - 1 Months: 0 – 1

>1 Months : 0 .1 - Value To : 1.2

Measuring unit :-. mg/dL

Test code: BIL T – 60

Blood Biotinidase

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum frozen.
Container: Red-top tube.

Test Method:mentioned in the report

Equipment:-. mentioned in the report

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Measuring unit :-. mentioned in the report

Test code: N/A

Blood Urea

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Kinetic UV assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 Days- 7 Days: 8 - 25

From: 8 Days- 18 Years:10 - 38

From: 18 Years - 60 Years: 12 - 42

From: > 60 Years: 19- 49

Measuring unit :-. mg/dL

Test code: 51 – UR

C 1 Estrase Inhibitor

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red-top tube.

Test Method:Nephelometry

Equipment:Nephelometer

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 15 - 34

Measuring unit : mg/dL

Test code:N/A

C1 Esterase Inhibitor (Activity) in Serum

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate Frozen.
Container: Blue Light-top Tube.

Test Method:Spectrophotometry Substrates Chromogenic

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::40 Days.

Reference Range:70 – 130

Measuring unit : %

Test code: N/A

C1q (Complement 1q)

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red Tube.

Test Method:Redial Immunodiffusion

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 10 - Value To : 25

Measuring unit : mg/dL

Test code: N/A

C9 (Complement 9)

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red Tube.

Test Method:Redial Immunodiffusion

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 12.5 - Value To : 26.5

Measuring unit : mg/dL

Test code: N/A

C-Peptide Fasting

Unit:immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red-top tube or
Ward Remark: Fasting draw in chilled tube. Patient should be fasting. Bring specimen to laboratory immediately for special specimen processing.

Test Method:Spectrophotometry Substrates Chromogenic

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: Fasting 8 hours prior to sample collection.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 1.1 - Value To : 4.4

Measuring unit : Pmol/l

Test code: N/A

C-Peptide - PP

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red-top tube.

Test Method:chemiluminescent immunoassay

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: Sample collected from the patient after 2 hours from the meal.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 2.73 - Value To : 5.64

Measuring unit : Pmol/l

Test code: CP

Cadmium in Urine

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Urine.
Container:Random urine sample for Sterile Cup.

Test Method: ICP-MS

Equipment:-.

Collection: Random urine sample.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:non-sufficient sample

Reporting time:: 35Days.

Reference Range: 0 – 5

Measuring unit: ug/g

Test code : N/A

Cadmium in Whole Blood

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Whole blood EDTA.
Container: violet-top Tube.

Test Method:ICP-MS.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 0 – 5

Measuring unit: ug/L

Test code : N/A

Calcitonin

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum frozen.
Container:Red–top tube.
Ward Remark:Patient must be fasting

Test Method:Chemiluminiscent Immunoassay.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Male - Value From : 0 - Value To : 18.2

Female - Value From : 0 - Value To : 11.5

Measuring unit: pg/mL

Test code : N/A

Calcium Total

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Colorimetric assay with endpoint determination

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection: Gross hemolysis

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 Day-10 Days : 7.6 - 10.4

From: 11 Days - 2 Years: 9 -: 11

From: 2 Years - 12 Years: 8.8 - 10.8

From: 12 Years - 60 Years: 8.4 - 10.2

From: 60 Years - 90 Years: 8.8 - 10.2

From: > 90 Years: 8.2 - 9.6

Measuring unit : mg/dl

Code test :55 - CAL - CA

Calcium (stone)

Unit:Parasitology
Specimen Volume & Type: Stone
Container: plastic container

Test Method:Urinary tracts stones are routinely submitted for Chemical Analysis after gross description, and fixation interferes with chemical analysis.

Equipment:Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection: Gross hemolysis

Reporting time::1 day.

Reference Range: See report

Calcium / creatinine Ratio. Urine

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 5ml Urine.
Container: Cup Urine

Test Method:

Calcium : Colorimetric assay with endpoint determination
Creatinine : Kinetic colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection:Random Urine Sample

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:insufficient sample

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Female : 9 - 328

Male : 12 – 244

Measuring Unit : mg/gm creat

{Calcium in urine (Calcium/Creatinine ratio)}/(({Creatinine Urine (Calcium /Creatinine ratio)}/1000))

Test code: N/A

Calcium in Urine

Calcium in Urine 24 hr

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 24hr urine or 50ml random urine.
Container:Random specimen: Plastic urine container.
24 Hours urine Specimen: Plastic urine container no preservative.
Obtain 24HR plastic urine container and take Instruction for collection in the Lab

Test Method: Colorimetric assay with endpoint determination and sample blank

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection:

Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:Random samples

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours..

Reference Range: 100 – 300

Measuring unit: mg/24 hr

Test code : N/A

Calcium Ionized

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 1ml Serum
Container: Red–top tube.

N.B: Place on ICE and Immediately transport to Laboratory. Delay in transporting specimen to laboratory may seriously affect results.

Test Method:ISE

Equipment:Cornley :

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Any tube that has been opened and exposed to air.
Gross hemolysis

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: 1.15 - 1.33

Measuring unit: mmol / l

Test code:56 - CA++ - CAI

Cannabinoids in urine

Unit:Parasitology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml urine

Container: urine container

Test Method: Immunoassay (rapid test strip)

Equipment:Manual

Collection: "Random urine sample, Avoid addition of water (strict supervision)"

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection: insufficient sample

Reporting time:: 1 day.

Reference Range: Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: CAN

Calprotectin in Stool

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 3gm Stool.
Container: Sterile Cup.

Test Method:Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection: Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate at 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Fecal-contaminated urine

Reporting time:: 24 hrs.

Reference Range: Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Campylobacter Jujuni IgA

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:Indirect Immunofluorescence.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: < 1/320

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: N/A

Campylobacter Jujuni IgG

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:Indirect Immunofluorescence.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: < 1/1000

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: N/A

Cardiac CRP

Unit: Serology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:see report

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range: Value From : 0 - Value To : 5

Measuring unit: mg/L

Test code: N/A

Ceruloplasmin

Unit: Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method:

Equipment:Turbidometry/Nephlometry

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 1 Day.

Reference Range:

From: > 19 Years : 20 - 60

From: 0 day -4 Months: 15 - 56

From: 4 Months - 6 Months : 26 - 83

From: 6 Months - 3 Years: 31 - 90

From: 3 Years - 12 Years: 25 - 45

From: 12 Years -19 Years (male): 15 - 37

From: 12 Years -19 Years (Female): 22 – 50

Measuring unit : mg/dl

Test code: CER

Chlamydia Pneumonia IgA

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Acquired immunity or

Recent infection >= 1/32

Immunity Absence < 1/32

Measuring unit : titer

Test code: N/A

Chlamydia Pneumonia IgG

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Recent infection > 1/512

Acquired immunity or

Recent infection 1/64 - 1/512

Immunity Absence < 1/64

Measuring unit : titer

Test code: N/A

Chlamydia Pneumonia IgM

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:< 1/20

Measuring unit : titer

Test code: N/A

Chlamydia PCR in Urine

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 5ml Urine.
Container: Cup Urine

Test Method: Multiplex-PCR.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Urine Sample

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:see report

Measuring unit : see report

Test code: N/A

Chlamydia Trachomatis Ag

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: forties (dracon swab).
Container: Swab.

Test Method: Immunochromatography

Equipment:-.

Collection: Swab.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: dry swab

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: Absence.

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

Chloride in Serum

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: ISE

Equipment: cornley

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:refrigerated at 2 - 8°C

Causes for rejection:Gross hemolysis

Reporting time:: 24 Hours

Reference Range:

From: 0 Day - 1 Month: 98 - 113

From: 1 Month - 90 Years: 98 - 107

From: > 90 Years : 98 –111

Measuring unit : mEq/L

Test code: chlo - CHL

Chloride in Urine 24hour

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 24hr urine
Container: No preservative, plastic urine container for 24hr

Test Method:ISE

Equipment: Manual

Collection: 24 hour urine

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 24 Hours

Reference Range:

From: 0 day - 1 Years: 2 - 10

From: 1 Years –6 Years: 15 - 40

From (Male) 6 Years - 10 Years : 36 - 110

From: (Female) 6 Years - 10 Years: 18 - 74

From: (Male) 10 Years - 14 Years : 64 - 176

From: (Female) 10 Years - 14 Years : 36 - 173

From: (Male) 14 Years –60 Years: 110 - 250

From: > 60 Y: 95 - 195

Measuring unit : mEq/L

Test code: N/A

Chromogranin A in Serum

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum frozen.
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method:Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Any tube that has been opened and exposed to air.
Gross hemolysis

Reporting time:: 35 Days

Reference Range:See report

Measuring unit : See report

Test code: N/A

Carnitine Free

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 1ml Serum
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: Enzymatic.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Gross Lipemia
Gross hemolysis

Reporting time:: 35 Days

Reference Range:6.5 - 12

Measuring unit : ug/mL

Test code: N/A

Carnitine in Semen

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Semen
Container: Cup Semen

Test Method: Enzymatic

Equipment:-.

Collection: Seminal Fluid.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:insufficient sample

Reporting time:: 35 Days

Reference Range:24 - 84

Measuring unit : ug/mL

Test code: N/A

Catecholamine in Urine

Unit:Manual
Specimen Volume & Type: 24 hr urine
Container:Brown urine container with 10 ml 6N HCL.

Ward Remark: Obtain instructions and collection container from laboratory. Container must be labeled with patient’s full name, date and time collection started and date & time collection finished.

Test Method:High performance liquid chromatography

Equipment: Manual.

Collection: 24 hour urine

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 1 Day.

Reference Range:

Value From : 5 - Value To : 100

Value From : 5 - Value To : 200

Measuring unit : mg/24 hr

Test code: N/A

CH50

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2mL Serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: Turbidometry

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 24 - Value To : 80

Measuring unit : U/mL

Test code: N/A

Cholesterol

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2mL Serum
Container:Red–top tube,

Test Method: Enzymatic colorimetric test

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Desirable < 200 mg/dL [5.2 mmol/L]
Borderline High 200 – 239 mg/dL [5.2 – 6.2 mmol/L]
High ≥ 240 mg/dL [6.2 mmol/L]

Measuring unit : mg/dl

Test code: 171 - CH

Cholinesterase in Serum

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2mL Serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: Spectrophotometry

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Children/Adult Males: 5400 - 13200 U/L
Females:

> 40 years: 5400 - 13200 U/L

<40 years, no pregnancy, no estrogen therapy: 4300 - 11500 U/L

<40 years, late stages of pregnancy or estrogen therapy: 3700 - 9300 U/L

Measuring unit : U/ml

Test code: N/A

Chromium in Serum

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Graphite furnace.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Any tube that has been opened and exposed to air.
Gross hemolysis

Reporting time:: 35 Days

Reference Range:see report

Measuring unit : see report

Test code: N/A

Chromium in Urine

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 4ml Urine
Container:Cup Urine.

Test Method: Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Graphite furnace

Equipment:-.

Collection: Urine Sample

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:people exposure latest day week of work <30

Measuring unit : ug/g creatinine

Test code: N/A

Circulating Immune Complex

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red top Tube.

Test Method:Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Positive : > 50

Negative : < 40

Undetermined : 40 – 50

Measuring unit : ug/mL

Test code: N/A

Citrate in Urine 24 Hours

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 4ml from Urine 24 Hours
Container:Urine 24 Hours
Test Method:Enzymatic Kinetics

Equipment:-.

Collection:Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.(Collect sample without any preservative).

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:140 - 940

Measuring unit : mg/24 hr

Test code: N/A

CMV IgG

Unit: Virology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red top Tube.

Test Method: Immunoassay

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Non-reactive : < 0.5 U/mL

Equivocal : 0.5 - <5.0 U/ml

Reactive : >= 5.0

Measuring unit : U/mL

Test code: 74 - CMV G

CMV IgM

Unit: Virology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red top Tube.

Test Method: Immunoassay

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Non-reactive : < 0.7

Equivocal : >= 0.7 - < 1.0

Reactive : >= 1.0

Measuring unit : U/mL

Test code: 75 - CMV M

Cold Agglutinin

UNIT:Send out
SPECIMEN VOLUME & TYPE: 2ml serum
CONTAINER:Red–top tube

Test Method:Haemagglutination Test Performed

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 5 Days.

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative

Measuring unit : titre

Test code: N/A

Complete Blood Count (CBC)

Unit: Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: Specimen tube capacity, whole blood

Test Method: Flow Cytometeric method counting by Side scatter and forward Scatter

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection: Routine venipuncture
Container: Violet (EDTA) tube

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: EDTA fresh blood samples can be stored at 4-8 OC

Causes for rejection:

Old blood samples
Clotted samples
Samples less than 1 ml

Reporting time:24 Hours

Reference Range :

Red cell count

From :0 D - To :1 D: 5 -: 7

From :2 D - To :3 D: 4 - 6.6

From :4 D - To :7 D: 3.9 - 6.3

From :8 D - To :14 D: 3.6 - 6.1

From :15 D - To : 1 M: 3 - 5.4

From : 1 M - To : 2 M: 3.1 - 4.3

From : 2 M - To : 6 M - Sex :: 4.1 -: 5.3

From : 6 M - To : 1 Y: 3.9 - 5.1

From : 1 Y - To : 12 Y -: 4 - 5.2

From : Male > 12 Y: 4.7 - 6

From : Female > 12 Y: 4.2 - 5.4

Measuring unit : x10^6/cmm

Haemoglobin Hb ( see Haemoglobin Hb)

Haematocrit HCT(see Haematocrit HCT )

MCV

From :0 0 M 0 Y - To :1 D: 100 - Value To : 120

From :2 D - To :3 D: 92 - Value To : 118

From :4 D - To :7 D: 88 - Value To : 126

From :8 D - To :14 D: 86 - Value To : 124

From :15 D - To : 1 M: 92 - Value To : 116

From : 1 M - To : 2 M: 87 - Value To : 103

From : 2 M - To : 6 M: 68 - Value To : 84

From : 6 M - To : Y: 72 - Value To : 84

From : 1 Y - To : 6 Y: 75 - Value To : 87

From : 6 Y - To : 12 Y: 77 - Value To : 95

From :> 12 Y : 78 - Value To : 99

Measuring unit: fl

MCH

From :0 D - To :14 D: 31 - Value To : 37

From :15 D - To : 2 M: 30 - Value To : 33

From : 2 M - To 6 M: 24 - Value To : 30

From : 6 M - To 1 Y: 25 - Value To : 29

From : 1 Y - To : 6 Y: 24 - Value To : 30

From : 6 Y - To : 12 Y: 25 - Value To : 33

From : > 12 Y: 27 - Value To : 31

Measuring unit: pg

MCHC

From :0 D - To :1 D: 30 - Value To : 36

From :2 D - To :3 D: 29 - Value To : 37

From :4 D - To :14 D: 28 - Value To : 38

From :15 D - To : 1 M: 29 - Value To : 37

From : 1 M - To : 2 M: 28.5 - Value To : 35.5

From : 2 M - To : 6 M: 30 - Value To : 36

From : 6 M - To : 1 Y: 32 - Value To : 36

From : 1 Y - To : 12 Y: 31 - Value To : 37

From :> 12 Y: 32 - Value To : 36

Measuring unit g/dL

Platelets Count (see Platelets Count )

Total leucocytic count (TLC) (see Total leucocytic count )

WBC Diff:

PMN: 2-7 x10^3/cmm – Diff: 40-80%

Lymph: 1-3 x10^3/cmm – Diff: 20-40%

Mono:0.2-1 x10^3/cmm – Diff: 2-10%

Eos:0.02-0.5 x10^3/cmm – Diff: 1-6%

Baso:0-100 /cmm – Diff: 0-2%

Blasts: 0-0.5 /ul

Premyelocytes: 0-0.5 /ul

Myelocytes:: 0-0.5 /ul

Coombs Test (Direct)

Unit:Hematology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml whole blood
Container: Violet (K2EDTA) tube

Special Timing:Freshly drown Blood to avoid in-vitro deposition of complement

Any Special Handling Needs:Avoid hemolysis samples & Use Fresh EDTA samples

TAT: 24Hours

Test Method:Direct AntiglobulinTest

Equipment:Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection: Hemolysis, lipemia

Reference Range: Negative.

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: RH D

Coombs Test (Indirect)

Unit:Hematology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red tube.

Special Timing:Freshly drown Blood to avoid in-vitro deposition of complement

Any Special Handling Needs:Avoid hemolysis samples & Use Fresh EDTA samples

Test Method: in-Direct AntiglobulinTest

Equipment:Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection: Hemolysis, lipemia

Reporting time:: 24Hours

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: coom - RH I

Copper (cu++ ) serum

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:colorimetric test

Equipment:Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection: Hemolysis, lipemia

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 Days – 6 Months: 20 - 70

From: 6 Months – 6 Years : 90 - 190

From: 6 Years –12 Years : 80 - 160

From: > 12 Years Male 70 - 140

From: : > 12 Years Female: 80 - 155

Age Comments :

From : 0 Days – 6 Months: - Comment : deficiency : < 20

From : 6 Months – 6 Years - Comment : deficiency : < 50

From : 6 Years – 12 Years - Comment : deficiency : < 50

From :> 12 Years - Comment : deficiency : < 50

pregnancy at term : = 118 - 302

Measuring unit: ug/dl

Test code: CU

Copper (cu++ ) Urine

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 10ml Urine from 24hrs urine
Container:24hrs urine + 10 ml HCL

Test Method:colorimetric test

Equipment:Manual

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 1 Day

Reference Range:

From:: Adult < 60 ug / 24 h

Wilson > 200 ug / 24 h

Measuring unit: ug / 24 h

Test code: N/A

Cortisol Am

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle.

Equipment: Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: Blood should be collected at 8 - 9 AM.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection: Hemolysis, lipemia

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 4.3 - Value To : 22.4

Measuring unit ug/dl

Test codeCORT A

Cortisol Pm

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle.

Equipment: Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: Blood should be collected at 8 - 9 PM.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection: Hemolysis, lipemia

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 3.09 - Value To : 16.66

Measuring unit ug/dl

Test codeCORT p

Cortisol in Urine

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 24-hour Urine
Container:24-hour Urine.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle.

Equipment: Cobas.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning. (Collect sample without any preservative).

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate urine at 2-8° C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 20 Y - 99 Y -: 55.5 -: 286

From: 1 Y - : 11 Y -: 2 -: 27

From: 11 Y - 20 Y -: 5 –55

Measuring unit ug/24 hr

Test code N/A

Coxsackie A9 Antibody IgG

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container:Red top tube.

Test Method: Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: < 1/40

Measuring unit titre

Test code N/A

Coxsackie A9 Antibody IgM

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container:Red top tube.

Test Method: Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

< 1/10

Measuring unit titre

Test code N/A

Coxsackie B Antibody (IgG)

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container:Red top tube.

Test Method: Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

< 1/40

Measuring unit titre

Test code N/A

Coxsackie B Antibody (IgM)

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container:Red top tube.

Test Method: Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

< 1/10

Measuring unit titre

Test code N/A

CK-MB

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml plasma, no turbid specimens, no hemolysis
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: Immunological UV assay

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: Ideally the patient should be in a post-absorptive state prior to specimen collection to avoid gross lipemia

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Blood collected in any anti-coagulated tube
Turbid specimens

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: 0 – 25

Measuring unit: U/l

Test code: CK

CK MB - ISO Enzyme

Unit:send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container:Red top tube.

Test Method:agarose gel electrophoresis

Equipment:electrophoresis

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

CK-MB: R1 % < 10 %

CK-MM: R2 % > 90 %

CK-BB: R3 % < 1 %

Measuring unit: %

Test code: CKMB

CK Total (CPK)

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container:Red top

Test Method: UV test

Equipment:Cobas 6000.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:Values are higher after exercise

Male: 46 - 171
Female: 34 - 145
High probability of myocardial damage :

Male >190

Female>167

CKMB>25

Measuring unit: U/l

Test code: cpk

Creatinine

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method:

Dimension: Alkaline picrate−kinetic
Cobas 6000: Alkaline picrate−kinetic rate blanked, IFCC−ID

Equipment: Dimension/ Cobas 6000.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 Days - 2 Months : 0.24 - 0.85

From: 2 Months - 1 Years: 0.17 - 0.42

From: 1 Years - 3 Years: 0.24 - 0.41

From: 3 Years–5 Years: 0.31 - 0.47

From: 5 Years - 7 Years: 0.32 - 0.59

From: 7 Years - 9 Years: 0.4 - 0.6

From: 9 Years - 11 Years: 0.39 - 0.73

From: 11 Years - 13 Years: 0.53 - 0.79

From: 13 Years - 15 Years: 0.57 - 0.87

From: > 15 Years (Male): 0.8 - 1.3

From: > 15 Years (Female):: 0.6 - 1.1

Measuring unit: mg/dL

Test code: 50 - CRE - CR

Creatinine in Urine

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 10 ml Urine for 24hr urine container.
Container: Urine Cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour.

Test Method:Kinetic colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection:

Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point. Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning. (Collect sample without any preservative).
Obtain 24hr collection container from laboratory services. No preservative needed. Keep on ice or refrigerated. 24 hour specimens not processed stat

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 Days- 99 Years (Male): 39 - 259

From: 0 Days - 99 Years (Female): 28 – 217

Measuring unit: mg/dL

Test code: N/A

Creatinine Clearance

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 24hr Urine
Container:Brown plastic 24 hr urine container
Ward Remark: Serum Creatinine needed either 24 hour before or after urine collection. Obtain 24 hr urine collection container from laboratory services. No preservative needed. Keep on ice or refrigerated.

Test Method: Kinetic colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection:

24 hour urine collection (urine collected on toluene):
Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.
Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.
Blood: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8° C.
Urine: Keep cool (refrigerate urine at 2-8°C or keep on ice).

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Urine collected without addition of toluene
In case of aliquot: if volume is not written on the Job order.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Measuring unit: see report

Test code: RP

CRP

Unit: Serology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:latex agglutination

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Negative < 6

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: RP

Cryo - Fibrinogen

Unit: Hematology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:N/A

Equipment:.manual

Collection: 2.0 ml Serum. Syringe & Tube should be warmed before use. Don't refrigerate.

Allow Blood to clot at 37 C before separation.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Cryoglobulin

Unit: Parasitology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method:N/A

Equipment:Manual

Collection:

Routine venipuncture
Must be kept at 37oC ; the syringe , and the tube prior to venipuncture

Patient Preparation: 2.0 ml Serum. Syringe & Tube should be warmed before use. Don't refrigerate. Allow Blood to clot at 37 C before separation

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: Routine sample 48 hours.

Reference Range:Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: CRY

Cryptococcus antigen

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.
Ward Remark:bring specimen to lab within 1 hour of collection

Test Method: Agglutination.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Absence.

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Cyclosporin (Sandimmune) (Peak-Trough)

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml EDTA
Container:Violet-top tube

Test Method: chemiluminescence

Equipment:Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 Days - 99 Years: Therapeutic dose from 50 to 350

Toxic dose : >350

Measuring unit: ng/mL

Test code: N/A

Cystatin C

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: Nephelometry

Equipment:-

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: From:: 0.59 - 1.04

Measuring unit: mg/l

Test code: N/A

Cysteine in Serum

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA frozen
Container:violet-top (EDTA) tube

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 3 - 17

Measuring unit: umol/l

Test code: N/A

Cysteine in Urine

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Urine frozen

Container:Cup Urine

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning. (Collect sample without any preservative).

Patient Preparation: No Need

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: : 0 - 56

Measuring unit: mg/24 hr

Test code: N/A

Cytogenetic Analysis of Perpheral Blood

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red top tube

Test Method: cytogenetics

Equipment:-

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 20 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 10 - Value To : 25

Measuring unit: see report

Test code: N/A

Cystosarcosis ( Tenia Slium ) Ab

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red top tube

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:Value From : .9 - Value To : 1.1

Measuring unit: mg/24 hr

Test code: N/A

Cytotoxic Lymphocytes Antibody

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red top tube

Test Method:Mechanisms of Activation and Target-cell Destruction

Equipment:-

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:see report

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme)

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2mL Serum
Container:Red-Top tube.

Test Method: Enzymatic kinetics

Equipment: -.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 15 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 16 - Value To : 85

Measuring unit : U/l

Test code: N/A

AGBMA Anti Glomar Basement Membranes

Unit: Autoimmune.

Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml Serum.

Container: Red tube

Test Method:Immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 8 Days.

Reference Range:

Measuring unit : see report

Test code: N/A

D-Dimer

Unit: Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Citrated plasma
Container:Light blue (Na Citrate) tube

Test Method:Latex Agglutination Method

Equipment:Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time::1Days.

Reference Range: 0 -0.5ug/ml

Measuring unit : ug/mL

Test code: N/A

Anti-Striated Muscle Antibodies

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red tube.

Test Method: Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: < 1/10

Measuring unit : titre

Test code: N/A

Bilharzia Ag in Serum

Unit: Parasitology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2.0 ml Serum.
Container:Red top Tube.

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 1 Days.

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

Borrellia IgG

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red-top tube.

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Positive : > 1.10

Negative : < 0.90

In determined : 0.90 - 1.10

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

Borrellia IgM

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red-top tube.

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Positive : > 1.10

Negative : < 0.90

In determined : 0.90 - 1.10

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

Depakine (Valproic acid)

Unit:Immunology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: competitive immunoassay using direct chemiluminescent technology.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Therapeutic : 50 - 100

Toxic : > 100

Measuring unit : ng/mL

Test code: DEP

Digoxin ( Lanoxin )

Unit:Immunology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: immunoassay using direct chemiluminescent technology

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Therapeutic : 0.5 - 1.5

Toxic : adult : > 2.0

child : > 3.0

Measuring unit : ng/mL

Test code: LAN

Phenylcyclidine (PCP)

Unit:send out

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: see report

Equipment: see report.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

see report

Measuring unit : see report

Test code: N/A

DHEA

Unit:Immunology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Ward Remark:no isotopes administered 24 hours prior to venipuncture.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 Days.

Reference Range:

From: 6 Y - To: 10 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 13 - Value To : 187

From: 6 Y - To: 10 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 18 - Value To : 189

From: 10 Y - To: 12 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 31 - Value To : 205

From: 10 Y - To: 12 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 112 - Value To : 224

From: 12 Y - To: 14 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 83 - Value To : 258

From: 12 Y - To: 14 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 98 - Value To : 360

From: 14 Y - To: 999 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 180 - Value To : 1250

From: 14 Y - To: 999 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 130 - Value To : 980

Measuring unit: ng/dl

Test code: DHA

DHEA-S ( Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate)

Unit:Immunology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Ward Remark:no isotopes administered 24 hours prior to venipuncture.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 3 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 D - To :5 D - Sex :Male - Value From : 12 - Value To : 254

From: 0 D - To :5 D - Sex :Female - Value From : 10 - Value To : 248

From: 6 D - To: 6 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 1 - Value To : 41

From: 6 D - To: 6 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 5 - Value To : 55

From: 6 Y - To: 10 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 2.5 - Value To : 145

From: 6 Y - To: 10 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 7.5 - Value To : 140

From: 10 Y - To: 12 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 15 - Value To : 115

From: 10 Y - To: 12 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 15 - Value To : 260

From: 12 Y - To: 30 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 45 - Value To : 380

From: 30 Y - To: 50 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 5 - Value To : 532

From: 30 Y - To: 50 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 12 - Value To : 379

From: 50 Y - To: 60 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 20 - Value To : 413

From: 60 Y - To: 999 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 10 - Value To : 285

From: 50 Y - To: 999 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 30 - Value To : 260

From: 12 Y - To: 30 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 125 - Value To : 619

Age Comments :

From : 12 Y - To : 17 Y - Sex :Male - Comment : Pubertal levels

Tanner stages

Stage 1 : 5-265

Stage 2 : 15-380

Stage 3 :60-505

Stage 4 : 65-560

Stage 5 : 165-500

From : 12 Y - To : 17 Y - Sex :Female - Comment : Pubertal levels

Tanner stages

Stage 1 : 5-125

Stage 2 : 15-380

Stage 3 :20-535

Stage 4 : 35-485

Stage 5 : 75-530

Measuring unit: ng/dL

Test code: DHEA S

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red top tube

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay.

Equipment:-

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Children: <0.15

Males: 0.25 - 1.00

Females:

Pre-menopausal: 0.02 - 0.37

Post-menopausal: 0.01 - 0.18

Measuring unit: ng/mL

Test code: N/A

Echinococcus granulosus antibody

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red top tube

Test Method:Enzymeimmunoassay.

Equipment:-

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:

Negative : < 0.90

Positive : > 1.10

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Echovirus IgG

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red top tube

Test Method: Indirect Immunofluorescence.

Equipment:-

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:< 1/80

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: N/A

Echovirus IgM

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red top tube

Test Method: Indirect Immunofluorescence.

Equipment:-

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

< 1/10

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: N/A

Ethanol

Unit: Send out

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA frozen
Container: Violet-top tube.

Test Method: Gas chromatography/Enzymatic

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: insufficient sample

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

From: 0 Days - 1 Month : 0 - 115

From: 1 Month - 2 Years :0 - 4

From: 2 Years - 18 Years: 0 - 7

From: > 18: 0 - 153

Measuring unit: umol/l

Test code: N/A

Erythropoietin

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Serum.
Container:Red tube

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 5 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 3.7 - Value To : 32

Measuring unit: mIU/ml

Test code: N/A

Epanutin (Dilantin)

Unit: Immunology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Equipment: Centaur

Collection:

Routine venipuncture
no isotopes administered 24 hours prior to venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:insufficient sample

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 3 hours.

Reference Range:

Therapeutic : 10 - 20
Toxic : > 20

Measuring unit: ug/ml

Test code: EPAN

Esterone (E1)

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Serum.
Container:Red tube

Test Method: Enzyme immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Early Follicular Phase : 15 - 150

Late Follicular Phase : 100 - 250

Leutel Phase : 15 - 200

Post-Menopausal : 15 – 55

Measuring unit: pg/ml

Test code: N/A

Estradiol (E2)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma

Container:Red–top tube, or PST green (Lithium Heparin)

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Gender	No sex Difference	Male
Age	1-13 Y	> 14 Y
Normal range (mIU/ml)	1.1 - 28	1.5 - 52

Gender	Female > 13 Y
phase	follicular	midcycle	luteal	postmenopausal
Normal range (mIU/ml)	11.1 - 69	146 - 526	33 - 150	0.1 - 37

Measuring unit: pg/mL

Test code: 46 - E2

Estriol Unconj. (uE3)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma

Container:Red–top tube, or PST green (Lithium Heparin)

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle.

Equipment:Immulite2000.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 6 Days.

Reference Range:

Non pregnant : < 2.0 ng/mL

Pregnant

16 w : 0.3 - 1.05

18 w : 0.63 - 2.3

34 w : 5.3 - 18.3

35 w : 5.2 - 26.4

36 w : 8.2 - 28.1

37 w : 8.0 - 30.1

38 w : 8.6 - 38.0

39 w : 7.2 - 34.3

40 w : 9.6 - 28.9

Measuring unit: ng/mL

Test code: N/A

Estrogen Total

Unit:immunology
Specimen Volume & Type:2 ml serum.
Container:red-top tube.

Test Method:Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle.

Equipment:immulite 2000

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range: 16 – 90

Measuring unit: pg/mL

Test code: N/A

Estrogen Receptors (ER+)

Unit:Send Out.
Specimen Volume & Type: Pathology.
Container:Sterile Cup.

Test Method: Histopathology.

Equipment:Pathology.

Collection:Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:not in formaline

Reporting time:: 8 Days.

Reference Range: N/A

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Factor V Leiden

Unit:PCR
Specimen Volume & Type: 5ml EDTA Blood, Plasma Citrate

Container:Violet (EDTA) tube&Plasma Citrate

Test Method:Coagulometric assay

Equipment:PCR.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::10 Days.

Measuring unit: see report

Test code:N/A

Factor II

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate.
Container: 4 Light blue (Na Citrate) tubes
Ward Remark:this is not factor II mutation – order F II MUT for that test! CBC, PT, PTT, and Fibrinogen must be ordered with this test. 4 blue tops.

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 15 Days.

Reference Range: Value From : 70 - Value To : 130

Measuring unit: %

Test code: F2

Factor II Mutation

Unit:PCR.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Lavender Tube.

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 14 Days.

Reference Range:

"Homozygous" - "heterozygous".

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Factor VII

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate.
Container: 4 Light blue (Na Citrate) tubes
Ward Remark:CBC, PT, PTT, and Fibrinogen must be ordered with this test. 4 blue tops.

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 2 Days.

Reference Range: Value From : 70 - Value To : 120
Measuring unit: %

Test code: F7

Factor V ( F. 5 )

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 2 Days.

Reference Range:Value From : 70 - Value To : 120

Measuring unit: %

Test code: F5

Factor VIII

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: Routine sample 48 hours

Reference Range: Value From : 70 - Value To : 120

Measuring unit: %

Test code: F8

Factor VIII Inhibitor Assay

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Plasma Citrate frozen.
Container: 4 Light blue (Na Citrate) tubes
Ward Remark:CBC, PT, PTT, and Fibrinogen must be ordered with this test. 4 blue tops.

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Measuring unit: %

Test code: N/A

Factor IX

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate
Container: 4 Light blue (Na Citrate) tubes
Ward Remark:CBC, PT, PTT, and Fibrinogen must be ordered with this test. 4 blue tops.

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 48 Hours.

Reference Range:Value From : 70 - Value To : 120

Measuring unit: %

Test code: F9

Factor X (F.10)

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 2 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 70 - Value To : 120

Measuring unit: %

Test code: F10

Factor XI

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range:Value From : 70 - Value To : 120

Measuring unit: %

Test code: N/A

Factor XII

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate
Container: Light blue (Na Citrate) tubes
Ward Remark:Consult required- schedule test with
Special Coagulation.

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 15 Days.

Reference Range:Value From : 70 - Value To : 130

Measuring unit: %

Test code:F12

Factor XIII

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate.
Container: Light blue (Na Citrate) tubes
Ward Remark:Consult required- schedule test with
Special Coagulation.

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 15 Days.

Reference Range: Value From : 70 - Value To : 150

Measuring unit: %

Test code: N/A

Fasciola Abs

Unit:Parasitology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.

Container:Red–top tube

Test Method:

Equipment:Manual.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time::48 Hours.

Reference Range:Up to 1/160

Measuring unit: titre

Test code: N/A

Familial Mediterranean Fever (PCR)

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Lavender EDTA Tube.

Test Method:PCR

Equipment:PCR.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 7 Days

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative

N.B: Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal-recessive inherited inflamatory disorder.

Owing to the rather nonspecific clinical symptoms, molecular genatic analysis significantly improves early and correct diagnosis of (FMF), and allows commencing life long prophylactic treatment of affected individual with colchicine.

The procedure includes single multiplex PCRfor the amplification of relevant sequance in the relevant FMF gene seqances followed by reverse hybridization of biotinylated of biotinylated amplification products to oligonucleotides probes on the test strip.

The assay covers the following 12MEFV mutations: E 148Q , P 369S, F479L, M6801(G/C) , M680I(G/A) , 1692 del, M694V , M694I , K695R , V726A , A744S , R76IH.

Tree possible genotypes may be obtained:

1-Normal genotype.

2-Heterozygous genotype ("carrier" individual)

3-Homozygous mutant genotype ("affected" individual)

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Filarial Abs

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml EDTA Blood.
Container:Lavender EDTA Tube.

Test Method: see report

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 5 Days.

Reference Range: Comment : Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Filaria Film

Unit:Hematology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Lavender EDTA Tube.

Test Method:Film examination

Equipment:Manual.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference Range: Comment : Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Fibrin Degradation Product ( FDP's )

Unit:Hematology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Citrated Plasma.
Container: Light blue (Na Citrate) tube.

Test Method:Latex Agglutination Method

Equipment:Manual

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference Range: 0-5

Measuring unit: ug/ml

Test code: FDP

Fetal Haemoglubin

Unit:Hematology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml EDTA.
Container:violet-top tube

Test Method:Hemoglobin electrophoresis

Equipment:Manual

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference Range:

Newborn to six months: HbF may be up to 70 percent of total hemoglobin.

Six months to adult: HbF may be up to 2 percent of total hemoglobin

Measuring unit: %

Test code: N/A

Fibronectin

Unit:Send out.

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA frozen.
Container: Lavender tube.

Test Method: Nephelometry.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 25.0 - 40.0

Measuring unit: %

Test code: N/A

FISH For 5Q

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type:Bone Marrow or 3cm Heparin.
Container: Green tube.

Test Method:FISH.

Equipment:-. FISH

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis

Reporting time:: 15 Days.

Measuring unit: see report

Test code: N/A

FISH For 7Q

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type:Bone Marrow or 3cm Heparin.
Container: Green tube.

Test Method: FISH.

Equipment:-. FISH

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis

Reporting time:: 15 Days.

Measuring unit: see report

Test code: N/A

Ferritin

Unit:Immunology.

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red tube.

Test Method: chemiluminescent immunoassay systems

Equipment:Immulite2000.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference Range:

Female - Value From : 15 - Value To : 200

Male - Value From : 15 - Value To : 300

Measuring unit: ng/mL

Test code: FER

Fibrinogen

Unit: Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml citrated plasma
Container: Light blue (Na Citrate) tube

Test Method: coagulometry

Equipment:.coagulometer

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::24Hours.

Reference Range:Value From : 200 - Value To : 400

Measuring unit: mg/dl

Test code: FIBR

Folic Acid (Folate)

Unit: Send out

Specimen Volume & Type: 2mlserum in Aluminum Foil.

Container: red-top tube.
Ward Remark: Wrap the specimen in Aluminum foil to protect it from light!

Test Method: chemiluminescence immunoassay

Equipment: -.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 7 Days

Reference Range: 2.1 - 20.5

Measuring unit: ng/mL

Test code: N/A

Fragile X syndrome "DNA"

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type:10ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Lavender.

Test Method: Cytogenetic.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range See report

Measuring unit: See report

Test code: N/A

Free beta subunit

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type:10ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Lavender.

Test Method: Cytogenetic.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range :See report

Measuring unit: See report

Test code: N/A

Free Triiodothyronine (Free T3)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 2 - Value To : 4.4

Measuring unit:pg/mL

Test code: 122 - FT3

Free Thyroxin (Free T4)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference Range:

1 - 10 Y : (1.04 - 1.65)

10 - 90 Y :( 0.93 - 1.7 )

Measuring unit:ng/dL

Test code: 123 - FT4

Fructosamine

Unit: chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: spectrophotometry

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: refers to blood glucose level in the last 3 weeks.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:.insufficient sample

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: 0 - 285

Measuring unit:umol/L

Test code: FRUC

Fructose in Semen

Unit:chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Semen
Container: Plastic container.

Test Method: spectrophotometry

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Seminal fluid

Patient Preparation: No Need

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: :.insufficient sample

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: From : 200 -: 400

Measuring unit: mg/dL

Test code: N/A

FSH

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Red–top tube, , or Green (Li Heparin)

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference Range:

Gender	Male	Male	Female
Age	1-13 Y	13 - 70 Y	1-13 Y
Normal range (mIU/ml)	0 - 5	1.4- 18.1	0.5 - 3.7

Gender	Female > 13 Y
phase	follicular	midcycle	luteal	postmenopausal
Normal range (mIU/ml)	2.5 -10.2	3.4 - 33.4	1.5 - 9.1	23.0 - 116.3

Measuring unit:mIU/mL

Test code: 40 – FS

G6PD Quantitative

Unit:Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml whole blood
Container: Violet (EDTA) tube

Reference Range:4.3-13.4

Special Timing: must not be performed during an acute attack of hemolytic anemia

Test Method: Enzymatic colorimetric

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Value From: 4.3 - Value To : 13.4

Measuring unit:U/g Hb

Test code: G6P - G6

GGT

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitranilide

Equipment: Dimension/cobas 6000.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Male: 0 - 60

Female -: 0 – 40

Measuring unit: U/l

Test code: 65 - GG – GT

Gaba Pentin

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 2.0 - 10.0

Measuring unit:mg/dL

Test code: N/A

Gamma Globulin

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Red–top tube,

Test Method: colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : .7 - Value To : 1.5

Measuring unit:g/dl

Test code: N/A

Glutathione reductase

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: spectrophotometry

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: see report

Measuring unit:see report

Test code: N/A

Galactose in Urine

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Urine
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method: Enzymatic

Equipment: -

Collection: Random urine

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: insufficient sample

Reporting time:: 35 Days

Reference Range:Absent

Measuring unit: U/l

Test code: 65 - GG – GT

Gastrin (GST)

Unit:Send out

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.

Container: Red tube.

Test Method: chemiluminescence immunoassay

Equipment: -.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::5 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 13 - Value To : 115

Measuring unit:pg/mL

Test code: N/A

Fasting Blood Glucose

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Red–top tube, , Green (Li Heparin), or gray Na Florid

Test Method: Hexokinase

Equipment:Dimension/ cobas 6000.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:Fasting 8 hours prior to sample collection.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection; if using gray-topped tubes, plasma need not be separated if specimens are delivered to the laboratory within 8 hours of collection.
Refrigerate samples at 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

76 to 106

Measuring unit: mg/dl

Test code: N/A

Glucose after 1 hour

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Gray-topped tube / red-topped tube

Test Method: Hexokinase

Equipment:Dimension/ cobas 6000.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: Sample collected from the patient after 1 hours from the meal

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 1 hours of collection; if using gray-topped tubes, plasma need not be separated if specimens are delivered to the laboratory within 8 hours of collection.
Refrigerate samples at 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: 120 - 180

Measuring unit: mg/dl

Test code: N/A

Glucagon

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA frozen.
Container: Lavender tube.

Test Method: Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells
Collection time not written on tubes containers

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 60 - Value To : 177

Measuring unit:ng/l

Test code: N/A

Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in Urine

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 100ml Urine 24Hours Frozen.
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method: thin layer chromatography. Bi-dimensional electrophoresis

Equipment:-

Collection:Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.(Collect sample without any preservative).

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 40 Days

Reference Range:see report

Measuring unit:see report

Test code: see report

Growth Hormone (Basal)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: chemiluminescence immunoassay

Equipment:Immulite 2000.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:12 hr Fasting and 1 hr relaxation before sampling.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate samples at 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells
Collection time not written on tubes containers

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference Range:

From: 0 D - To: 10 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 0 - Value To : 6.29

From: 0 D - To: 10 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 0 - Value To : 7.79

From: 10 Y - To: 20 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 0 - Value To : 10.8

From: 10 Y - To: 20 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 0 - Value To : 8.05

From: 20 Y - To: 77 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 0 - Value To : 10

From: 20 Y - To: 77 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 0 - Value To : 10

Measuring unit: ng/ml

Test code: GH

Growth Hormone (After stimulation)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method:chemiluminescence immunoassay

Equipment:Immulite 2000.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:after stimulation

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate samples at 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells
Collection time not written on tubes containers

Reporting time:: Routine sample 5 Days.

Reference Range:

Insulin Test >10

Arginine Test > 7.5

L Dopa > 7.5

Measuring unit: ng/ml

Test code: GHA

Haptoglobin

Unit:Serology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red tube

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:Manual.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: Value From : .2 - Value To : 1.6

Measuring unit: g/L

Test code: N/A

Hematocrit ( HCT )

Unit: Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml whole blood.
Container: Violet (EDTA) tube

Test Method:

Electric Resistance Detecting Method (Hydro Dynamic
Focusing Method), Flow Cytometry Method using semiconductor laser and SLS-Hemoglobin Method.

Equipment:

Sysmex XT-1800i
Sysmex XS-500i

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 D - To :1 D: 45 - 75

From :2 D - To :3 D: 45 - 67

From :4 D - To :7 D: 42 - 66

From :8 D - To :14 D: 31 - 71

From: 15 D - To: 1 M: 33 - 53

From: 1 M - To: 2 M: 28 - 42

From: 2 M - To: 6 M: 30 - 40

From: 6 M - To: 1 Y: 30 - 38

From: 1 Y - 6 Y: 34 - 40

From: 6 Y - To: 12 Y : 35 - 45

From: > 12 Y Male: 37 - 47

From: : > 12 Y Female: 37 - 47

Measuring unit: %

Test code: N/A

HDL Cholesterol

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Homogeneous enzymatic colorimetric test

Equipment: Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: At least 12 hours fasting prior to sample collection

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Patient not fasting
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 2 hours

Reference Range:

Adult 40 - 60

HDL < 40 mg/dL [1.04 mmol/L] Low HDL Cholesterol

HDL ≥ 60 mg/dL [1.55 mmol/L] High HDL Cholesterol

Measuring unit: mg/dl

Test code: 173 - HDL

Hemoglobin Hb

Unit:Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: Specimen tube capacity, whole blood
Container: Lavender (EDTA) tube.

Test Method: SLS-Hemoglobin Method

Equipment:

Sysmex XT-1800i
Sysmex XS-500i

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 D - To :1 D: 14 - 22

From: 2 D - To :3 D: 15 - 21

From: 4 D - To :7 D: 17.1 -: 17.9

From: 8 D - To :14 D: 16.1 - 16.9

From: 15 D - To: 1 M: 11.5 - 16.5

From: 1 M - To: 2 M: 9.4 - 13

From: 2 M - To: 1 Y: 11.1 - 14.1

From: Male 1 Y – To 6 Y: 11 – 14

From: Female 1 Y – To 6 Y: 11 – 14

From: Male: 6 Y - To 12 Y: 11.5 - 15.5

From: Female: 6 Y - To 12 Y: 11.5 - 15.5

From: Male: > 12 Y: 13.5 - 18

From: Female > 12 Y: 12.5 – 16

Measuring unit: g/dL

Test code: 23 - HB

Glycated Haemoglobin A1c

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml whole blood
Container: violet-top tube

Test Method: Homogeneous enzymatic colorimetric test

Equipment: Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Male Adult:

Non Diabetic 4.0 - 6.5
Goal <= 7
Action considered > 7

Female Adult :

Non Diabetic 4.0 - 6.5
Goal <= 7
Action considered > 7

Measuring unit: %

Test code: 160 - GLY

Ham's Test

Unit: send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml whole blood
Container: violet-top tube 10 mL Whole Blood, Plain red, and "2" 3 mL EDTA (Lavender)

Test Method: Ham's test/Flow Cytometry.

Equipment: Manual/Flow Cytometry

Collection: Routine venipuncture

samples that have not had the serum separated from the cells ASAP after collection. laboratory also offers a test to rule out paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria using Flow Cytometry. Specimen requirements are 3mL EDTA whole blood at ambient temperature. When a ham's test is requested

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 5 days

Reference Range: Negative

Measuring unit:N/A

Test code: N/A

Hemoglobin Electrophoresis

Unit: Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml whole blood EDTA
Container: violet-top tube

Test Method: Electrophoresis.

Equipment: Electrophoresis

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient

Reporting time:: 3 days

Reference Range:

Hemoglobin A

From :1 D - To :7 D: 20.4 - 39

From :8 D - To :14 D: 11.5 - 34

From :15 D - To : 1 M: 32.7 - 54.3

From : 1 M - To : 2 M: 39.2 - 70.6

From : 2 M - To : 3: 44.1 - 85.2

From : 3 M - To : 4 M: 71.5 - 90.6

From : 4 M - To : 5 M: 77.6 - 97.7

From : 5 M - To : 6 M: 87 - 97.3

From : 6 M - To : 8 M : 88.1 -: 97.7

From : 8 M - To : 10: 96.5 - 98.5

From : 10 M - To : 1 Y: 95 - 98.7

From :> 1 Y: 96 - Value To : 99

Hemoglobin A2

From : 1.5 – 4

Hemoglobin F

After 1 year < 0.1%

Measuring unit:%

Test code: N/A

HAV IgG - Cobas

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red tube

Test Method: Immunoassay Competition principle

Equipment:Cobas 6000/E411.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Patient not fasting
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Negative : < 20

Positive : > 20

Measuring unit:Iu/L

Test code: 90 - HAV.G - HAV G

HAV IgM - Cobas

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red tube

Test Method: Immunoassay Competition principle

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Negative : < 1

Positive : > 1

Measuring unit:Index

Test code: 91 - HAV.M - HAV M

HBc IgG - Cobas

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red tube

Test Method: Immunoassay Competition principle

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference Range:

Negative : > 1

Positive : < 1

Measuring unit:Index

Test code: 98 - HBC G

HBc IgM - Cobas

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red tube

Test Method:Immunoassay Competition principle

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Negative : < 1

Positive : > 1

Measuring unit:Index

Test code: 97 - HBC M

HBe Ab. - Cobas

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red tube

Test Method: Immunoassay Competition principle

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Negative : > 1

Positive : < 1

Measuring unit:Index

Test code: 96 - HBE AB

HBe Ag. - Cobas

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red tube

Test Method: Immunoassay Competition principle

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Negative : < 1

Positive : > 1

Measuring unit:Index

Test code: 95 - HBE AG

HBs Ab. - Cobas

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red tube

Test Method: Immunoassay Competition principle

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Negative : < 10

Positive : > 10

Measuring unit:IU/L

Test code: 94 - HBS AB

HCV by RIBA

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red tube

Test Method: RIBA

Equipment:Manual

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range:

Negative

Measuring unit:N/A

Test code: N/A

HBs Ag. - Cobas

Unit: virology
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml serum

Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle

Equipment: Cobas E411

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:Refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Negative : < 20

Measuring unit: Index

Test code: HBS AG - 93

HCV IgG – Cobas

Unit: virology
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml serum

Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle

Equipment: Cobas E411

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:Refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Negative : < 100

Equivocal : 100 - 200

Week : = 200

Positive : > 200

Measuring unit: Index

Test code: 92 - HCV - HCV G

HDV RNA By PCR

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum frozen.
Container: Red tube

Test Method: RT-PCR.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Absence

Measuring unit:N/A

Test code: N/A

HGV RNA PCR

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum frozen.
Container: Red tube

Test Method: RT-PCR.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Absence

Measuring unit:N/A

Test code: N/A

H. Pylori IgM

Unit:Serology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red tube

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Negative <0.9

Equivocal 0.9-1.1

Positive >1.1

Measuring unit:N/A

Test code: N/A

Helicobacter Pylori Abs

Unit:Serology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red tube

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Negative : < 0.9

Equivocal : 0.9 - 1.1

Positive : > 1.1

Measuring unit: U/mL

Test code: N/A

Helicobacter Pylori Antigen in Stool

Unit:Serology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 3gm Stool.
Container:Sterile Cup.

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation:Stool specimen at 4C.

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time::24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Negative: 0-0.9

Equivocal: 0.9-1.1

Positive: >1.1

Measuring unit: U/mL

Test code: HELCO

Helicobacter Pylori IgA

Unit:Serology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red tube

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::1 Days.

Reference Range:

Negative: 0-0.9

Equivocal: 0.9-1.1

Positive: >1.1

Measuring unit: U/mL

Test code: HB A

Heroin (Urine)

Unit: Parasitology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Urine
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method: rapid strip test

Equipment: Manual

Collection: Sterile Cup

Patient Preparation: "Random urine sample, Avoid addition of water (strict supervision)"

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: insufficient sample

Reporting time:: 24Hours

Reference Range: Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Histamine in Plasma

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA frozen
Container: violet-top tube

Test Method: Enzyme immunoassay

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 20 - 100

Measuring unit: mcg/L

Test code: N/A

Histoplasma Capsulatum Antibodies in Serum

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red tube

Test Method:Agglutination.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:Absence.

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

HLA B-27

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml EDTA Blood
Container:Lavender (EDTA) tube

Test Method:Flow Cytometry

Equipment:-

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Negative < 50

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

HLA B51

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA frozen
Container: Lavender (EDTA) tube

Test Method:Reaction en cadenza de la Polymerase (PCR-SSP) (Alta resolution

Equipment:-

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

LH /FSH Ratio

Unit:immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container:Red-top tube

Test Method:Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle

Equipment:Cobas

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::1Days.

Reference Range:

Follicular Phase = 0.82

Leuteal Phase = 1.12

Measuring unit:Ratio

Test code: N/A

HLA Class I by PCR

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 8ml EDTA Whole Blood.
Container:Lavender (EDTA) tube

Test Method:R.T PCR.

Equipment:-

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range:

"Negative" - "Positive"

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

HLA Class II DR by PCR

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 8ml EDTA Whole Blood in 2 tube
Container:Lavender (EDTA) tube

Test Method:R.T PCR.

Equipment:-

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range:

"Negative" - "Positive"

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

HLA-class I

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 15ml Heparin.
Container: Green (Heparin) tube

Test Method:R.T PCR.

Equipment:-

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range:

Normal

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Homocysteine ( serum )

Unit: Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum Frozen.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: chemiluminescent immunoassay systems

Equipment: immulyte 2000

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 1 Days.

Reference Range:

Male : 5.9 - 16

Female: 3.4 - 20.4

Measuring unit: umol/L

Test code: N/A

Homocystine in urine

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 10ml Urine.
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method: High performance liquid chromatography

Equipment: -

Collection: Sterile Cup

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: insufficient sample

Reporting time:: 35 Days

Reference Range:: 0 – 9

Measuring unit: ug/g creatinine

Test code: N/A

Homovanililic acid

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 10ml Urine 24H FOR HCL.
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method:High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Equipment:-

Collection:Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.(Collect sample without any preservative).

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 35 Days

Reference Range:< 8.0

Measuring unit:See report

Test code: N/A

HSV I IgM (HERPES SIMPLEX)

Unit:Virology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 48 Hours.

Reference Range:

Negative < 0.9

Equivocal 0.9 to 1.1

Positive > 1.1

Measuring unit: Index

Test code: 77 - HSV M

HSV I IgG (HERPES SIMPLEX)

Unit:Virology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 48 Hours.

Reference Range:

Negative < 0.9

Equivocal 0.9 to 1.1

Positive > 1.1

Measuring unit: Index

Test code: 78 - HSV 2G

HSV II IGG

Unit: Virology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method:

Equipment: -

Collection: No Need

Patient Preparation: No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Negative < 0.9

Equivocal 0.9 to 1.1

Positive > 1.1

HSV II IGM

Unit:Virology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Negative < 0.9

Equivocal 0.9 to 1.1

Positive > 1.1

Measuring unit: Index

Test code: 79 - HSV 2M

HTLV 1/2 antibody

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method:Chemiluminescence.

Equipment:-

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Patient not fasting
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Positive: >1.0

Negative: < 1.0

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Hydatid Abs. (Echinococcus Granulosus)

Unit:Serology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method:.immunoassay

Equipment:-

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:Less than 1 / 80

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: N/A

Hydroxyproline (urine 24h)

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 3ml Urine from 24Hours.
Container: Sterile Cup 24Hours Urine.

Test Method: Ionic exchange Spectrophotometry

Equipment: -

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point. Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning. (Collect sample without any preservative).

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

From: 0 Days - 1 Years : 20 - 65

From: 1 Years - 13 Years : 35 - 180

From: 13 Years - 65 Years: 15 - 55

From:>65 Years: 15 - 45

Measuring unit: mg/24 hr

Test code: N/A

IgA

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Radial immunodiffusion

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::24 Hours.

Reference range:

Value From : 0 - Value To : 2.2

Value From : 70 - Value To : 400

Value From : 90 - Value To : 410

Measuring unit : mg/dL

Test code : N/A

IgD Immunoelectrophoresis

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method:Immunofixation

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:Normal.

Measuring unit :see report

Test code : N/A

IgD in Serum

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method:Nephelometry.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:< 100

Measuring unit :see report

Test code : N/A

IgE - Total

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: chemiluminescent immunoassay systems

Equipment: immulite 2000

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

From: 1 D - To: 2 M - Sex :: .08 - Value To : 6.12

From: 2 M 0 Y - To: 5: .18 - Value To : 3.76

From: 5 M 0 Y - To: 8 M: .44 - Value To : 16.3

From: 8 M 0 Y - To: 1 Y -: .67 - Value To : 7.31

From: 1 Y - To: 2 Y: 0.8 - Value To : 15.2

From: 2 Y - To: 3 Y -: 0.31 - Value To : 29.5

From: 1 Y - To: 2 Y -: 0.8 - Value To : 15.2

From: 2 Y - To: 3 Y -: 0.31 - Value To : 29.5

From: 3 Y - To: 4 Y -: 0.19 - Value To : 16.9

From: 4 Y - To: 6 Y -: 1.07 - Value To : 68.9

From: 6 Y - To: 0 D 0 M 9 Y -: 1.03 - Value To : 61.3

From: 9 Y - To: 0 D 0 M 13 Y -: .98 - Value To : 570.6

From: 13 Y - To: 16 Y -: 2.06 - Value To : 195.2

From: > 16 Y: 0 - Value To : 100

Measuring unit : IU/mL

Test code : IGE

IGF -1 (Insulin Growth Factor 1)

Unit:Hormone.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: chemiluminescence immunoassay

Equipment:Immulite2000.

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 1 Days.

Reference Range:

From: 0 D - To: 2 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 31 - Value To : 160

From: 0 D - To: 2 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 11 - Value To : 206

From: 2 Y - To: 6 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 16 - Value To : 288

From: 2 Y - To: 6 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 70 - Value To : 316

From: 6 Y - To: 10 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 136 - Value To : 385

From: 6 Y - To: 10 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 123 - Value To : 396

From: 10 Y - To: 12 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 136 - Value To : 440

From: 10 Y - To: 12 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 191 - Value To : 462

From: 12 Y - To: 14 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 165 - Value To : 616

From: 12 Y - To: 14 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 286 - Value To : 660

From: 14 Y - To: 18 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 134 - Value To : 836

From: 14 Y - To: 18 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 152 - Value To : 660

From: 18 Y - To: 25 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 202 - Value To : 433

From: 18 Y - To: 25 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 231 - Value To : 550

From: 25 Y - To: 85 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : 135 - Value To : 449

From: 25 Y - To: 85 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : 135 - Value To : 449

Measuring unit :ug/mL

Test code : N/A

IgG

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: chemiluminescent immunoassay

Equipment:Immulite2000.

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::24Hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 D - To :4 D: 700 - Value To : 1480

From: 5 D - To: 60 Y: 700 - Value To : 1600

From: > 60 Y: 600 - Value To : 1560

Measuring unit : mg/dL

Test code : N/A

IgG in CSF

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml CSF.
Container: sterile tube or plastic container

Test Method: Nephelometry.

Equipment: -.

Collection: Random Sample delivered to the Lab

N.B: Great care must be taken when handling C.S.F. because the specimen is obtained by lumbar puncture. Only limited amount of fluid can be withdrawn from a patient at any one time.

Patient Preparation: Lumber puncture to be done in a operating theatre

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: insufficient sample

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:: 0 - 4

Measuring unit:mg/dl

Test code: N/A

IgM

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: chemiluminescent immunoassay

Equipment:Immulite2000.

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

From: 0 D - To :4 D: 5 - Value To : 30

From: 5 D - To: 60: 40 - Value To : 230

From: > 60 Y: 30 - Value To : 360

Measuring unit: mg/dL

Test code: N/A

IgM in CSF

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml CSF.
Container: Body Fluid.

Test Method: chemiluminescent immunoassay

Equipment:Immulite2000.

Collection:Body Fluid

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: volume is not recorded

Reporting time::48 Hours.

Reference Range:Value From : 0 - Value To : 1.3

Measuring unit: mg/dL

Test code: N/A

Immune Fixation Electrophoresis in CSF

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml CSF.
Container: Body Fluid.

Test Method:Immunofixation.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Body Fluid

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range: Normal

Measuring unit:see report

Test code: N/A

Immunoelectrophoresis in Plasma

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red tube.

Test Method:Immunofixation.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:Grossly hemolysis or lipemia serum

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range: Normal

Measuring unit:see report

Test code: N/A

Immunoelectrophoresis in urine

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 10ml Urine.
Container: Sterile Cup.

Test Method:Immunofixation.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded.

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range: Normal

Measuring unit:see report

Test code: N/A

Influenza B virus antibody (IgM)

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum

Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Indirect Immunofluorescence.

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: Refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolysis or lipemia serum

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

"Negative" - "Positive

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code : N/A

Insulin Level (Fasting)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Ward Remark:Fasting specimen preferable.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), sandwich principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:Specimens beyond stability limits.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 3 hours

Reference Range:

Value From : 2 - Value To : 25

Measuring unit: mIU/ml

Test code :INS F

Insulin Level (P.P.)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), sandwich principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:Specimens beyond stability limits.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 3 hours

Reference Range:

Value From : 16 - Value To : 166

Measuring unit: Uu/ml

Test code : INS P

Interleukin 28B

Unit:PCR.
Specimen Volume & Type: 10ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Lavender tube.

Test Method: PCR

Equipment:PCR.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:Specimens beyond stability limits.

Reporting time:: 5 Days.

Reference Range: see report

Measuring unit: see report

Test code : N/A

Inhibin "A"

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: Chemiluminiscent Immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 40 Days.

Reference Range:see report

Measuring unit: see report

Test code : N/A

Inhibin "B"

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:No Need

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 30 Days.

Reference Range:

Females: 10.0-320

Males: 80 – 300

Measuring unit pg/mL

Test method : N/A

Irregular Agglutinin

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA.
Container: Lavender tube

Test Method:Micro column agglutination of RBCs.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Positive: ≥ 1

Signification: ≥ 16

Measuring unit see report

Test method : N/A

IRON

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red–top tube only

Test Method: Colorimetric assay

Equipment: Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference Range:

From: >15 Years (Male): 60 - 180

From: > 15 Years (Female): 37 - 160

From: > 15 Years : 50 – 120

Measuring unit: ug/dL

Test code: IRO

JAK 2 Mutation

Unit:PCR.
Specimen Volume & Type: 3ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Lavender tube.

Test Method: -PCR

Equipment:PCR.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate Whole blood at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:Specimens beyond stability limits.

Reporting time:: 15 Days.

Reference Range:

Negative.

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

NSDA-F ( Naphthol ASD Floride inhibition )

Unit:PCR.
Specimen Volume & Type: 3ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Lavender tube.

Test Method: -PCR

Equipment:PCR.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:Specimens beyond stability limits.

Reporting time:: 5 Days.

Reference Range:

Negative.

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Karyotyping

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 3Cm blood
Container:Green (Sodium Heparin) tube
Test Method: cytogenetic

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 21 Days.

Reference Range: Normal.

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Karyotyping in Tissue

Unit:Send Out.
Specimen Volume & Type:Pathology.
Container:Sterile Cup.

Test Method:Cytogenetic.

Equipment:Pathology.

Collection:Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate at 2-8o C

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time::40 Days.

Reference Range: Normal.

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Lactic Acid "Lactate"

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml plasma
Container: Green (Sodium Heparin) tube
Ward Remark: place sample in ice. Transport to lab immediately for specimen processing transporting delay may cause inaccurate results.

Test Method: Enzymatic

Equipment: Dimension..

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 2 hours.

Reference Range:

At bed rest :

venous : 5 - 12 mg / dl

arterial : 3 - 7 mg / dl

Measuring unit: mg / dl

Test code: N/A

Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method:High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range: 1.0 - 3.0

Measuring unit:See report

Test code: N/A

Lactate in CSF

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml CSF
Container: Sterile Cup for CSF
Test Method: Enzymatic

Equipment: Dimension.

Collection:

Collection: Random Sample delivered to the Lab

N.B : Great care must be taken when handling C.S.F. because the specimen is obtained by lumbar puncture. Only limited amount of fluid can be withdrawn from a patient at any one time.

Patient Preparation: Lumber puncture to be done in an operating theatre

Storage Instructions: : refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 2 hours.

Reference Range:

Male: 5.2 - 20.7

Female: 5.2 - 20.7

Measuring unit:mg/dL

Test code: N/A

LDH

Lactate Dehydrogenase

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: enzymatic colorimetric test

Equipment: Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Male: 85 - 227

Female: 81 - 224

Measuring unit: U/l

Test code: LDH

LDL - Cholesterol

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Red–top tube, or Green (Li Heparin)

Test Method: Homogeneous enzymatic colorimetric test

Formula : {Cholesterol}-({Triglycerides}/5)-{HDL - Cholesterol}

Equipment: Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: At least 12 hours fasting prior to sample collection

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Patient not fasting
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 2 hours

Reference Range:

From: 5 Y - 9 Y Male: 63 - 129

From: 5 Y - 9 Y Female: 68 - 140

From: 9 Y - 14 Y Male: 64 - 133

From: 9 Y - 14 Y Female: 68 - 136

From: 14 Y - 19 Y Male: 62 - 130

From: 14 Y - 19 Y Female: 59 - 137

From: 19 Y - 24 Y Male: 66 - 147

From: 19 Y - 24 Y Female: 57 - 159

From: 24 Y - 29 Y Male: 70 - 165

From: 24 Y - 29 Y Female: 71 - 164

From: 29 Y - 34 Y Male: 78 - 185

From: 29 Y - 34 Y Female: 70 - 156

From: 34 Y - 39 Y Male: 81 - 189

From: 34 Y - 39 Y Female: 75 - 172

From: 39 Y - 44 Y Male: 87 - 186

From: 39 Y - 44 Y Female: 74 - 174

From: 44 Y - 49 Y Male: 97 - 202

From: 44 Y - 49 Y Female: 79 - 186

From: 49 Y - 54 Y Male: 89 - 197

From: 49 Y - 54 Y Female: 88 - 201

From: 54 Y - 59 Y Male: 88 - 203

From: 54 Y - 59 Y Female: 89 - 210

From: 59 Y - 64 Y Male: 83 - 210

From: 59 Y - 64 Y Female: 100 - 224

From: 64 Y - 69 Y Male: 98 - 210

From: 64 Y - 69 Y Female: 92 - 221

> 69 Y Male: 88 - 186

> 69 Y Female: 96 – 206

Measuring unit: mg/dl

Test code: 174 - LDL

L. E CELLS (LATEX)

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: latex agglutination

Equipment:Manual

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

"Positive" - "Negative"

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: LE

Lead in Whole Blood

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 3ml whole blood
Container: violet-top tube

Test Method: Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Graphite furnace

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

People not exposed: < 10 ug/dL
People exposed toLEAD and DERIVATIVES: Up to 70 ug/dL

Measuring unit: ug/dL

Test code: N/A

Leptin

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum frozen
Container: Red Tube

Test Method: Enzyme immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Male: .5 - 15

Female: 2 – 40

Measuring unit: ng/ml

Test code: N/A

Leucocyte Alkaline Phosphatase (LAP Score)

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type:5ml EDTA Blood, 10Fresh blood film from finger brick
Container: Lavender (EDTA) tube

Test Method: staining

Equipment:-.Manual

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:5ml EDTA Blood, 10Fresh blood film from finger brick

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range:

From: 30 – 130

Measuring unit: Score

Test code: N/A

Lupus Anticoagulants

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Citrated plasma
Container: 4 Light blue (Na Citrate) tubes

Test Method: Immunological

Equipment:Elisa.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection , samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 34 – 44

Measuring unit:sec

Test code: LUP - LUPUS

Lipase in Serum

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red –top tube,

Test Method:enzymatic colorimetric assay

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Old samples
Excessive hemolysis

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Male: 13 - 60
Female: 13 – 60

Measuring unit: U/l

Test code: LIP

Lipoprotein Electrophoresis

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red –top tube.

Test Method: Agarose gel electrophoresis

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

ALFA LIPOPROTEIN: 20%-45%
PRE-BETA LIPOPROTEIN: 1%-22%
BETA LIPOPROTEIN: 35%-65%
Chylomicrons: 0%

Measuring unit: %

Test code: N/A

Lipoprotein a

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red –top tube.

Test Method: colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Male: 2.2 - 49.4

Female: 2.1 - 57.3

Measuring unit:mg/dl

Test code: N/A

Lithium

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Plain red
Ward Remark:No gel tubes accepted. Collect specimen 12 hours after dose.

Test Method: ISE

Equipment:Cornley

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Old samples
Excessive hemolysis

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Therapeutic Level : 0 .6 - 1.2

Toxic Level : > 2

Measuring unit: mEq/L

Test code: LI

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Red–top tube, , or Green (Li Heparin)

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), sandwich principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 3 hours.

Reference Range:

Gender	No sex Difference	Male	Male
Age	1-13 Y	14 - 70 Y	>70 Y
Normal range (mIU/ml)	0.1 - 6	1.5 - 9.3	3.1 - 34.6

Gender	Female > 13 Y
phase	follicular	midcycle	luteal	postmenopausal
Normal range (mIU/ml)	1.9 - 12.5	8.7 - 76.3	0.5 - 16.9	15.9 - 54.1

Measuring unit mIU/mL

Test code: 41

Magnesium ( Serum )

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: Colorimetric endpoint method

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Old samples
Excessive hemolysis

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

< 5 Months : 1.5 - 2.2

From: 5 Months - 6 Years: 1.7 - 2.3

From: 6 Years - 12 Years : 1.7 - 2.1

From: 12 Years - 20 Years: 1.7 - 2.2

From: 20 Years - 60 Years : 1.6 - 2.6

From: 60 Years - 90 Years : 1.6 - 2.4

>90 Years: 1.7 - 2.3

Measuring unit: mg/dl

Test code: 57 - MG

Magnesium in Urine

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 10 ml urine for random or 24hr urine container.
Container: Urine cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour.
Test Method: Colorimetric endpoint method

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: 24Hr collection container from
laboratory services. No preservative needed. Keep on ice or refrigerated.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C

Causes for rejection: not 24 hrs collection , non-sufficient volume for testing

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range: 12 – 291

Measuring unit: mg/day

Test code: N/A

Malaria Ab IgG

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method:Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:

Immunity acquired

or recent infection : > 1/40

Absence of immunity : < 1/20

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: N/A

Malaria Ab IgM

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method:Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range: < 1/10

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: N/A

Malaria Ag

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml EDTA Blood.
Container:Lavender tube.

Test Method: see report

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::7 Days.

Reference Range:Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Manganese in Serum

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method:ICP-MS

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range: 0.5 - 1.3

Measuring unit: ug/L

Test code:N/A

Malaria Film

Unit: Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type:EDTA blood, Direct Film (Thick, Thin)
Container: Violet (EDTA) tube

Test Method: Staining

Equipment:-.Manual

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need.

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient

Reporting time:: 1 Day.

Reference Range:Negative.

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code:MF

Mercury in urine

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type:10ml Urine.
Container: Brown urine container

Test Method:Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Hydrides generation

Equipment:-.

Collection:Obtain 24Hr collection container.

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded.

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range: 0 – 35

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Metabolic Screen

Unit: Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 3Cm blood
Container:Green (Sodium Heparin) tube
Test Method: Cytogenetic

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 30 Days.

Reference Range:see report

Measuring unit:see report

Test code: N/A

Metanephrines in Urine

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 10ml Urine 24H FOR HCL
Container: Brown urine container with 10ml 10% HCL.

Ward Remark:Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Equipment:-.

Collection:

Obtain instructions and collection container from laboratory.
Container must be labeled with patient’s full name, date and time collection started and date & time collection finished.
Patient Preparation:

No caffeine before or during collection. Monamine oxidase inhibitors should be discontinued at least 1 week prior to beginning collection.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded.

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:74 - 297

Measuring unit: ug/24 hr

Test code: N/A

Metanephrines "Blood"

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Plasma EDTA frozen.
Container: Lavender Tube.

Test Method:Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:

METANEFRIN: < 90 pg/mL

NORMETANEFRIN: < 200 pg/mL

Measuring unit:pg/mL

Test code: N/A

Methadone in Urine

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Urine frozen
Container: Sterile Cup
Test Method: Spectrophotometry

Equipment:-.

Collection: Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: Positive > 200 ug / L

Measuring unit: ug/L

Test code: N/A

Methotrexate

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Serum.
Container: Red top Tube.

Test Method:Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:

After 24 hours of treatment: <5.0

At 48 hours of treatment: <0.5

After 72 hours of treatment: <0.05

Measuring unit:see report

Test code: N/A

Monospot Test

Unit:Virology.
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Serum.
Container: Red top Tube.

Test Method: latex agglutination

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::24 Hours.

Reference Range:

"Positive" - "Weak positive" - "Equivocal" - "Negative"

Measuring unit:N/A

Test code: N/A

Morphine

Unit:Parasitology
Specimen Volume & Type: 5ml Urine
Container: Sterile Cup
Test Method:Rapid strip test

Equipment:Manual.

Collection: "Random urine sample, Avoid addition of water (strict supervision)"

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Mycoplasma Pneumonia IgG

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Mycoplasma Pneumonia IgM

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Mycoplasma Pneumonia IgG in CSF

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml CSF.
Container: Sterile Cup.

Test Method:Reaction en cadenza de la Polymerase.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Random Sample delivered to the Lab

N.B : Great care must be taken when handling C.S.F. because the specimen is obtained by lumbar puncture. Only limited amount of fluid can be withdrawn from a patient at any one time.

Patient Preparation:Lumber puncture to be done in a operating theatre

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Mycoplasma Pneumonia IgM in CSF

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml CSF.
Container: Sterile Cup.

Test Method:Reaction en cadenza de la Polymerase.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Random Sample delivered to the Lab

N.B : Great care must be taken when handling C.S.F. because the specimen is obtained by lumbar puncture. Only limited amount of fluid can be withdrawn from a patient at any one time.

Patient Preparation:Lumber puncture to be done in a operating theatre

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

PROSTATIC FLUID C/S

Unit:Microbiology
Specimen Volume & Type: 1ml PROSTATIC FLUID.
Container: Sterile Cup.

Test Method:culture

Equipment:-. culture

Collection: prostatic message

Patient Preparation: no need

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time::3 Days.

Reference Range:No growth

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Myoglobin in Serum

Unit:send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Nephelometry.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Old samples
Excessive hemolysis

Reporting time:: 1 Week.

Reference Range: 0 - 156

Measuring unit :- ng/mL

Test code:N/A

Myoglobin in Urine

Unit:send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 3ml Urine 24 Hours
Container: Urine Cup

Test Method: Nephelometry.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Obtain 24Hr collection container.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded.

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: Male: 0 – 1000

Measuring unit :- ug/L

Test code:

Nicotine in Urine

Unit:send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 3ml
Container: Urine Cup

Test Method: Enzyme immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection: "Random urine sample, Avoid addition of water (strict supervision)"

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Negative : < 100 ng / ml

Positive : > 500 ng / ml

Measuring unit :- ng/mL

Test code:N/A

Nicotine in Serum

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red top Tube.

Test Method:High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:

No Smoking: Negative <10

Passive Smoking:

- Mild exposure to snuff: 10-50

- Significant exposure

to snuff: 50-100

Smokers:> 100

Measuring unit:see report

Test code:N/A

NK Cells

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Lavender Tube.

Test Method:Flow Cytometry.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::10 Days.

Reference Range:From : 5 – 28

Measuring unit:%

Test code:N/A

NMO (Aqua Purine - 4 Abs)

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red top Tube.

Test Method:Indirect Immunofluorescence.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::50 Days.

Reference Range:Absence

Measuring unit:N/A

Test code:N/A

Occult Blood in Stool

Unit:Parasitology.
Specimen Volume & Type:3gm Stool Fresh.
Container: Stool Fresh.

Test Method:immunoassay

Equipment:-.manual

Collection:Routine venipuncture & Body Fluid

Patient Preparation:No Need

Storage Instructions:refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:Fecal-contaminated urine

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code:OCC - OC

Oligoclonal bands in CSF & Serum

Unit:send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum & CSF
Container: Red–top tube & Sterile CSF.

Test Method: Iso-electrofocus

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture & CSF by Lumber puncture

Patient Preparation: Lumber puncture to be done in a operating theatre

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: insufficient volumes of Serum or CSF

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:Normal

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Organic acid in Serum

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red top Tube.

Test Method:Spectrophotometry.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time::35 Days.

CITRIC: 14 to 26

2-hydroxybutyric acid: <5

3-hydroxybutyric acid: 3 - 9

LACTIC: 80 - 170

Methylmalonic: <0.1

OXALIC: <2

SUCCINIC: 5-7

Measuring unit: see report

Test code: N/A

Organic acid in Urine

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type:20ml Urine Frozen.
Container:Urine Sterile Cup.

Test Method: Spectrophotometry

Equipment:-.

Collection:Random Urine.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

ADIPIC: <140 mg / g creatinine

2-KETO-isovaleric: <2 mg / g creatinine

Ethyl-malonic <8 mg / g creatinine

GLYCOLIC: <130 mg / g creatinine

Glutaric: <60 mg / g creatinine

3-hydroxybutyric acid <50 mg / g creatinine

4-hydroxy-phenyl-acetic acid: <250 mg / g creatinine

3-hydroxy-glutaric <3 mg / g creatinine

2-hydroxy-isovaleric <2 mg / g creatinine

3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaric acid: <50 mg / g creatinine

LACTIC: <220 mg / g creatinine

Methyl-malonic <50 mg / g creatinine

Orotic: <20 mg / g creatinine

OXALIC: <40 mg / g creatinine

Suberic <3 mg / g creatinine

SUCCINIC: <350 mg / g Creatinine

Measuring unit: see report

Test code: N/A

Osteocalcin

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method:Chemiluminiscent Immunoassay.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 0 – 22

Measuring unit: ng/mL

Test code: N/A

Osmolality in Serum

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: Colorimetric endpoint method

2*{Sodium ( Na ) in Serum}+({Fasting Blood Glucose.}/20)+({Blood Urea}/3)

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range: 275 - 295

Measuring unit:mOsm/Kg H2O

Test code: N/A

Osmolality in Urine Random

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 4ml urine, clean catches.
Container:Urine cup

Test Method: Colorimetric endpoint method

Equipment:-.

Collection: morning urine specimen

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range: 50 - 1200

Measuring unit: mosm/kg

Test code: N/A

Osmolality in Urine 24hrs

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 10ml urine from 24Hours..
Container:Urine cup

Test Method: Colorimetric endpoint method

Equipment:-.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning. (Collect sample on 6 mol/L).

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range: 300 – 900

Measuring unit: mOsm/Kg

Test code: N/A

Oxcarbazepin

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method:High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 5.0 - 30.0

Measuring unit:mg/L

Test code: N/A

Oxalate in Urine

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 10ml urine from 24Hours.
Container:Urine cup

Test Method: Enzymatic kinitic

Equipment:-.

Collection:

Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time::7 Days.

Reference Range:7 – 44

Measuring unit:mg/24 hr

Test code: N/A

Oxalic acid in serum

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum frozen.
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: Enzymatic Kinitic

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:1 - 2.4

Measuring unit: mg/l

Test code: N/A

PANEL-REACTIVE Abs. (PRA)

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:Manual.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: see report

Measuring unit:see report

Test code: N/A

Parvovirus Ab B19 ( IgA )

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:Comment : Titre: < 1/64

Measuring unit:Titre

Test code: N/A

Parvovirus Ab B19 ( IgG )

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Positive > 1.1

Negative < 0.9

Uncertain 0.9 - 1.1

Measuring unit:IU/mL

Test code: N/A

Parvovirus Ab B19 (IgM)

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:Enzymeimmunoassay.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Positive > 1.1

Negative < 0.9

Uncertain 0.9 - 1.1

Measuring unit:IU/mL

Test code: N/A

Paul bunnel

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: latex agglutination

Equipment:Manual.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range: Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Phagocytosis (candida)

Unit:Microbiology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Heparin Whole Blood.
Container:Green tube.

Test Method:quantitative flow cytometric (FCM) assay

Equipment:Manual.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range:

From: 1.5 - 2.5

Measuring unit: See report

Test code: N/A

Phytanic Acid

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red top tube.

Test Method:Gas chromatography.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:< 2.0

Measuring unit: See report

Test code: N/A

Philadelphia Chromosome by FISH

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 3Cm Heparin.
Container: Green Li (Heparin).

Test Method: Cytogenetic

Equipment: Cytogenetic.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range:

"Negative" - "Positive"

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code; N/A

Philadelphia Chromosome by PCR

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 3ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Lavender Tube.

Test Method: Cytogenetic

Equipment: Cytogenetic.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range:

"Negative" - "Positive"

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code; N/A

Phenobarbital in serum

Unit:Send out

Specimen Volume & Type: 2.0 ml Serum. Frozen.
Container:red-top tube
Test Method:polarized fluorescent polarized immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture, No gel tubes accepted.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::7 Days.

Reference Range:

Therapeutic level : 15 - 40

Toxic level : > 60

Measuring unit: ug/mL

Test code: N/A

Phenylketonuria

Unit:Send out

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum + Urine Sample
Container:Plain red & Sterile Cup.

Test Method:see report

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture& Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:Negative

Measuring unit:N/A

Test code: N/A

Phosphorous

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube, or Green (Li Heparin)

Test Method: Endpoint method with sample blanking.

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 2 hours.

Reference Range:

< 1 M Male: 3.9 - 6.9

< 1 M Female: 4.3 - 7.7

From: 1 M - 1 Y Male: 3.5 - 6.6

From: 1 M - 1 Y Female: 3.7 - 6.5

From: 1 Y - 3 Y Male: 3.1 - 6

From: 1 Y - 3 Y Female: 3.4 - 6

From: 3 Y - 6 Y Male: 3.3 - 5.6

From: 3 Y - 6 Y Female: 3.2 - 5.5

From: 6 Y - 9 Y Male: 3 - 5.4

From: 6 Y - 9 Y Female: 3.1 - 5.5

From: 9 Y - 12 Y Male: 3.2 - 5.7

From: 9 Y - 12 Y Female: 3.3 - 5.3

From: 12 Y - 15 Y Male: 2.9 - 5.1

From: 12 Y - 15 Y Female: 2.8 - 4.8

From: 15 Y - 18 Y Male: 2.7 - 4.9

From: 15 Y - 18 Y Female: 2.5 - 4.8

From: > 18 Y Male: 2.5 - 4.5

From: > 18 Y Female: 2.5 - 4.

Measuring unit: mg/dL

Test code: 58 - PHO

Phosphorus in Urine

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 10 ml urine for random or 24hr urine container.
Container:Urine cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour.

Test Method: Endpoint method with sample blanking.

Equipment:Dimension

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning. (Collect sample on 6 mol/L).

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Male:0.4 - 1.3

Female: 0.4 - 1.3

Measuring unit: mg/dL

Test code: 58 - PHO

Plasminogen in Plasma

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate frozen
Container:Red–top tube, or Green (Li Heparin)

Test Method:Colorimetric. Substrata chromogenic.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: From: 80 – 120

Measuring unit:%

Test code: N/A

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate frozen
Container:Blue Light tube.

Test Method:Colorimetric. Substrata chromogenic.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range: 0.30 - 3.50

Measuring unit:U/mL

Test code: N/A

PIVKA

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate frozen
Container:Blue Light tube.

Test Method:Colorimetric. Substrata chromogenic.

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range: Normal up to 2

Measuring unit:N/A

Test code: N/A

Platelets Count

Unit:Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Violet (EDTA) tube

Test Method: By Flow Cytometry Method using semiconductor laser

Equipment:

Sysmex XT-1800i
Sysmex XS-500i

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time::24Hours.

Reference Range:

1 DMale: 100 - 450

1 D Female: 100 - 450

From :2 D - 3 DMale: 210 - 500

From :2 D - 3 D Female: 210 - 500

From :4 D - 7 DMale: 160 - 500

From :4 D - 7 D Female: 160 - 500

From :8 D - 14 D Male: 170 - 500

From :8 D - 14 D Female: 170 - 500

From: 15 D - 1 MMale: 200 - 500

From: 15 D - 1 M Female: 200 - 500

From: 1 M - 2 MMale: 210 - 650

From: 1 M - 2 M Female: 210 - 650

From: 2 M - 1 YMale: 200 - 550

From: 2 M - 1 Y Female: 200 - 550

From: 1 Y - 6 YMale: 200 - 490

From: 1 Y - 6 Y Female: 200 - 490

From: 6 Y - 12 YMale: 170 - 450

From: 6 Y - 12 Y Female: 170 - 450

>12 Y Male: 140 - 440

> 12 Y Female: 140 – 440

Measuring unit: x10^3/cmm

Test code: 24

Platelet Antibodies (Direct)

Unit:Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type:3 Tubes each 2.0 citrated + 2.0 ml EDTA
Container:Lavender (EDTA) tube, Blue Light tube.

Test Method: enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range:Comment : Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Platelet Antibody (Indirect)

Unit:Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type:2 ml serum
Container:Red-top tube

Test Method: enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range:Comment : Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Porphobilinogen in urine

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml urine 24Hours for HCL.
Container:Urine cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour.

Test Method:Ionic Exchange Chromatography. Spectrophotometry.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning. (Collect sample on 6 mol/L with HCL).

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen.
Specimen volume not sufficient.

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Comment : Up to 2.

Measuring unit:mg/24 hr

Test code:N/A

Glucose (csf)

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml CSF
Container: container (cup)/plain tube

Test Method: Hexokinase

Equipment:Dimension/ cobas 6000.

Collection: Random Sample delivered to the Lab

N.B : Great care must be taken when handling C.S.F. because the specimen is obtained by lumbar puncture. Only limited amount of fluid can be withdrawn from a patient at any one time.

Patient Preparation:Lumber puncture to be done in a operating theatre

Storage Instructions: : refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

40 - Value To : 70

Measuring unit:mg/dL

Test code: N/A

LDH (csf)

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml CSF
Container: container (cup)/plain tube

Test Method: Enzymatic colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Random Sample delivered to the Lab

N.B : Great care must be taken when handling C.S.F. because the specimen is obtained by lumbar puncture. Only limited amount of fluid can be withdrawn from a patient at any one time.

Patient Preparation:Lumber puncture to be done in a operating theatre

Storage Instructions: : refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

6.3 - Value To : 30

Measuring unit: U/l

Test code: N/A

Post Prandial Blood Glucose

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Gray-topped tube / red-topped tube

Test Method: Hexokinase

Equipment:Dimension/ cobas 6000.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:Sample collected from the patient after 2 hours from the meal

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection; if using gray-topped tubes, plasma need not be separated if specimens are delivered to the laboratory within 8 hours of collection.
Refrigerate samples at 2-8°C

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 70 – 140

Measuring unit: mg/dl

Test code: N/A

Potassium ( K ) in Serum

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube,

Test Method: IES

Equipment:Cornley.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 2 D - 1 Y Male: 4.1 - 5.3

From: 2 D - 1 Y Female: 4.1 - 5.3

From: 1 Y - 12 Y Male: 3.4 - 4.7

From: 1 Y - 12 Y Female: 3.4 - 4.7

> 12 Y Male: 3.5 - 5.1

> 12 Y Female: 3.5 - 5.1

1 D Male: 3.7 - Value To : 5.9

1 D Female: 3.7 - Value To : 5.9

Measuring unit: mEq/L

Test code: 54 - K

Potassium ( K ) in Urine 24hr

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 10 ml urine for random or 24hr urine container.

Container:Urine cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour.
Ward Remark:Obtain 24hr collection container from laboratory services. No preservative needed. Keep on ice or refrigerated. 24 hour specimens not processed stat.

Test Method: IES

Equipment:Cornley.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning. (Collect sample on 6 mol/L).

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

From: 6 Y - 10 Y Male: 17 - 54

From: 6 Y - 10 Y Female: 8 - 37

From: 10 Y - 14 Y Male: 22 - 57

From: 10 Y - 14 Y Male: 18 - 58

> 14 Y Male: 25 - 125

> 14 Y Female: 25 – 125

Measuring unit: mEq/day

Test code: K U

Pregnancy Test (BHCG Qualitative)

Unit:Parasitology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method:immunoassay

Equipment:Manual.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

"Negative" - "Positive"

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code:PREG

Pregnancy Test in Urine

Unit:Parasitology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Urine.

Container:Urine cup for random.

Test Method:immunoassay

Equipment:Manual.

Collection:Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

"Negative" - "Positive" - "Weak positive"

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

PRO-BNP

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum frozen.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method:Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Males:

< 50 years old: < 84

> 50 years old: < 194

Females:

< 50 years old: < 155

> 50 years old: < 222

Measuring unit:ng/L

Test code: N/A

Procollagen III

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method:Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

From: 2.3 - 6.4

Measuring unit :- ng/mL

Test code:N/A

Progesterone

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube, or PST green (Li Heparin)
Ward Remark:Test performed at NMCP Chemistry daily.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition Principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Gender	No sex Difference	Male
Age	1 - 10 Y	11 -99 Y
Normal range (ng/mL)	0.07 to 0.52	0.28 to 1.22

Gender	Female > 13 Y
phase	follicular	luteal	mid luteal	postmenopausal
Normal range (ng/mL)	0.15 - 1.4	3.34 - 25.56	4.44 - 28.03	0.1 - 0.73

Measuring unit :- ng/mL

Test code: 42 - PRO - P4 - PROG

Progesterone Receptors

Unit:Send Out.
Specimen Volume & Type: Pathology.
Container:Sterile Cup.

Test Method: Histopathology.

Equipment:Pathology.

Collection:Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate at 2-8o C

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range:

Normal.

Proinsulin

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum frozen
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Enzyme immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

From: 0 - 9.4

Measuring unit :- pMol/l

Test code: N/A

Prolactin (PRL)

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma.
Container:Red–top tube, or PST green (Li Heparin).

Ward Remark: Transport to Lab immediately, does not use turbid specimens.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), sandwich Principle.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Male : 0 - 99 Y :(4.04 - 15.2 )

Female : 0 - 99 Y : (4.79 - 23.3 )

Measuring unit :- ng/mL

Test code: 43 - PRL

Protein Bound Iodine (PBI)

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:

Equipment:.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range:

From : 4 – 8

Measuring unit: ug/dL

Test code: N/A

Protein Total

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube,

Test Method: Colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture, tourniquet application should be minimal.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

< 6 D Male: 4.6 – 7

< 6 D Female: 4.6 - 7

From: 7 D - 6 M: 4.4 - 7.6

From: 6 M - 1 Y: 5.1 - 7.3

From: 1 Y - 2 Y: 5.6 - 7.5

From: 2 Y - 18 Y: 6 – 8.1

From: 18 Y - 60 Y: 6.4 - 8.3

>60 Y: 6.2 - 8.1

Measuring unit g/dL

Test code g/dL

Protein in Urine

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 10 ml urine for random or 24hr urine container.
Container:Urine cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour.
Ward Remark:Obtain 24hr collection container from laboratory services. No preservative needed. Keep on ice or refrigerated. 24 hour specimens not processed stat.

Test Method: Enzymatic colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning. (Collect sample on 6 mol/L).

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range: see report

Measuring unit mg/L

Test code N/A

Protein C

Unit:Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: Specimen tube capacity, plasma
Container:Light blue (Na Citrate) tube
Ward Remark:No anticoagulant meds for 2 weeks prior to this test

Test Method: Chromogenic assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis

Reporting time:: Routine sample 48 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 70 – 140

Measuring unit %

Test code PC

Protein S

Unit:Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: Specimen tube capacity, plasma
Container:Light blue (Na Citrate) tube
Ward Remark:No anticoagulant meds for 2 weeks prior to this test

Test Method: Chromogenic assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis

Reporting time:: Routine sample 48 hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 70 - Value To : 140

Measuring unit %

Test code PS

Prothrombin Time (PT)

Unit:Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type:Specimen tube capacity, plasma
Container: Light blue (Sodium Citrate) tube
TAT: 24 Hours

Reference Range: 11-14 seconds

Special Timing:Freshly collected blood – avoid delaying mixing blood with the anticoagulant in the Tube

Any Special Handling Needs: avoid lipaemic or hemolyzed nor warm samples – or using of glass or contaminated Tubes

Clinical Information: History of Administration of Drugs: record use of anti-coagulant or pro-coagulant Drug

Critical Value: INR > 6.0

Test Method: Coagulometric assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference range : INR =1

Measuring unit: patient time : seconds

Test code:N/A

PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), sandwich principle

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 3 hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 10 - Value To : 65

Measuring unit: pg/mL

Test code: PTH

Pyruvate Kinase ( PK ) in erythrocytes

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml whole blood heparin
Container:Rgreen–top tube

Test Method: Enzymatic kinetics

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:60 – 220

Measuring unit mU/10⁹ erythrocytes

Test code: N/A

Pyruvate Kinase ( PK )

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: Enzymatic kinetics

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 0 - Value To : 26

Measuring unit mU/mL

Test code: N/A

Quanti feron T.B gold

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Blood in 2 tubes.
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: see report

Equipment:-.

Collection:يحتاج سحب عينة دم في 2 انبوبة يتم طلبها من خارج المعمل.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range: Negative.

Measuring unitN/A

Test code: N/A

Random Blood Glucose

Unit: Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum

Container: Gray-topped tube / red-topped tube

Test Method: Hexokinase

Equipment:Dimension/ cobas 6000.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection; if using gray-topped tubes, plasma need not be separated if specimens are delivered to the laboratory within 8 hours of collection.
Refrigerate samples at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Gross Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours

Reference Range:

74 to 200

Measuring unit: mg/dl

Test code: RBS

Reducing Sugar In Stool

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 3gm Stool.
Container:Sterile Cup.

Test Method:See report

Equipment:-.

Collection: Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation: Stool specimen at 4C.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 5 Days.

Reference Range Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Rheumatoid Factor (RF)

Unit:Serology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: latex agglutination

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 0 - Value To : 16

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: RF

Renin activity

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA frozen.
Container:Lavender (EDTA) tube

Test Method: Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: From: 0.15 - 2.33

Measuring unit: ng/ml/h

Test code: N/A

RPR ( Rapid Plasma Reagin )- Syphilis

Unit:Serology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: latex agglutination

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Reticulocyte Count (RETICs )

Unit: Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml EDTA Blood.
Container:Violet (EDTA) tube

Test Method:staining

Equipment:Manual

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection; if using gray-topped tubes, plasma need not be separated if specimens are delivered to the laboratory within 8 hours of collection.
Refrigerate samples at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

< 2 Y Male: 2 - 6

< 2 Y Male: 2 – 6

>2 Y Male: 0.5 - 2

>2 Y Male: 0.5 – 2

Measuring unit: %

Test code: RETI - RET

Rh group

Unit:Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml whole blood
Container:Pink (K2EDTA) tube

Test Method: latex agglutination

Equipment: Manual.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection: Gross hemolysis.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: "" - "Negative" - "Positive" - "Weak positive (D )"

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: 29 - RH

Rose Waaler ( RW )

Unit:Serology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: latex agglutination

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 0 - Value To : 16

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: ROS

Rotavirus antigen in stool

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 3gm Stool.
Container:Sterile Cup.

Test Method:immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection: Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation: Stool specimen at 4C.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 5 Days.

Reference Range: Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code:N/A

Rubella IgG - Cobas

Unit:Virology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Non-reactive : < 10 Iu / ml

Reactive : > 10 Iu / ml

Measuring unit: IU/mL

Test code: 72 - RUB G

Rubella IgM - Cobas

Unit:Virology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: : immunoassay

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate Plasma at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Non-reactive : < 0.8

Intermediate : 0.8 - 1.0

Reactive : > 1.0

Measuring unit: Index

Test code: 73 - RUB M

Scaly Cells Carcinoma (SCC) Ag in Serum

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Chemiluminescence

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:< 2.5

Measuring unit :see report

Test code: N/A

Serotonin in Plasma

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA frozen.
Container:Lavender Tube.

Test Method: Enzyme immunoassay

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 0 - Value To : 10

Measuring unit : ng/mL

Test code: N/A

Serotonin in Urine 24 hours

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Urine 24H frozen.
Container:Sterile Cup.

Test Method: Enzyme immunoassay

Equipment: -

Collection: Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 50 - Value To : 250

Measuring unit : ug/24 hr

Test code: N/A

Selenium

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Hydrides generation.

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

From: 50 – 150

Measuring unit: ug/L

Test code: N/A

Semen Peroxidase

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Semen.
Container:Sterile Cup

Test Method:see report

Equipment: -see report

Collection: Seminal Fluid.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 4 Days.

Reference Range: see report

Measuring unit: see report

Test code: N/A

SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin)

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red–top tube

Test Method: see report

Equipment: - see report

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range:

Male - Value From : 10 - Value To : 50

Female - Value From : 26 - Value To : 110

Measuring unit: nmol / l

Test code: N/A

Sickling Test

Unit:Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml whole blood
Container:Pink (K2EDTA) tube

Test Method:hypoxia and staining

Equipment: Manual.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection: Gross hemolysis.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Comment: Negative.

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Sirolimus (Rapamune) Level

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Whole Blood EDTA.
Container:Lavender (EDTA) tube

Test Method: Micro particles Enzyme immunoassay (MEIA)

Equipment: -

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Triple therapy: UP to 12 month post transplantation : 4.5-10

Month 4-12 post transplantation : 6.3 - 16

Mono therapy :

Month 4-12 post transplantation : 17 -29

Measuring unit: ug/dL

Test code: N/A

Sodium ( Na ) in Serum

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:IES

Equipment:Cornely.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 48 hours, Stat sample 3 hours.

Reference Range:

From: 1 D Male: 133 - 146

From: 1 D Female: 133 - 146

From: 2 D - 1 Y Male: 139 - 146

From: 2 D - 1 Y Female: 139 - 146

From: 1 Y - 12 Y Male: 138 - 145

From: 1 Y - 12 Y Female: 138 - 145

From: 12 Y - 90 Y Male: 136 - 145

From: 12 Y - 90 Y Female: 136 - 145

From: > 90 Y - Male: 132 - 146

From: > 90 Y - Female: 132 – 146

Measuring unit: mEq/L

Test code: 53 - Na

Sodium ( Na ) in Urine 24hr

Unit:Chemistry

Specimen Volume & Type:10 ml urine for random or 24hr urine container.
Container: Urine cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour.
Ward Remark: Obtain 24hr collection container from laboratory services. No preservative needed. Keep on ice or refrigerated. 24 hour specimens not processed stat.

Test Method:IES

Equipment:Cornely.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning. (Collect sample on 6 mol/L).

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range:

From: 6 Y - 10 Y Male: 41 - 115

From: 6 Y - 10 Y Female: 20 - 69

From: 10 Y - 14 Y Male: 63 - 177

From: 10 Y - 14 Y Female: 48 - 168

From: 14 Y - 99 Y Male: 20 - 220

From: 14 Y - 99 Y Female: 20 – 220

Measuring unit: mEq/L

Test code: N/A

Soluble Transferrin Receptors

Unit:Chemistry

Specimen Volume & Type:5ml Serum
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: Nephelometry.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 35Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 0.83 - Value To : 1.76

Measuring unit: mg/l

Test code: N/A

Sucrose Lysis Test

Unit:Send out.

Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Serum & 2ml EDTA blood.
Container: Red–top, Lavender tube.

Test Method:

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range: Less than 10 %

Measuring unit: %

Test code: N/A

T3 - TOTAL

Unit:Immunology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube or Green
Ward Remark:Bring to lab within 1 hour of collection for specimen processing.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

< 3 D Male: 100 - 700

< 3 D Female: 100 - 700

From: 4 D - 11 M Male: 105 - 245

From: 4 D - 11 M Female: 105 - 245

From: 11 M - 5 Y Male: 105 - 269

From: 11 M - 5 Y Female: 105 - 269

From: 5 Y - 10 Y Male: 94 - 241

From: 5 Y - 10 Y Female: 94 - 241

From: 10 Y - 15 Y Male: 82 - 213

From: 10 Y - 15 Y Female: 82 - 213

From: 15 Y - 20 Y Male: 80 - 200

From: 15 Y - 20 Y Female: 80 - 200

From: 20 Y - 50 Y Male: 70 - 204

From: 20 Y - 50 Y Female: 70 - 204

From: 50 Y - 99 Y Male: 40 - 181

From: 50 Y - 99 Y Male: 40 – 181

Measuring unit: ng/dL

Test code: 120 - 3 - TT3

T3 Uptake

Unit:Immunology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube or Green

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 48 hours, Stat sample 3 hours.

Reference range:10 – 26

Measuring unit: mcg/dL

Test code: N/A

T4 - TOTAL

Unit:Immunology

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube or Green

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

(1 - 5 Y ) : 7.3 – 15

( 10 - 90 Y) : 6.4 - 13.3

( 10 - 15 Y) : 5.6 - 11.7

Measuring unit: ug/dL

Test code: 121 - 4 - TT4

Taenia abs (Cysticercosis) IgG

Unit:Send out.

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Enzyme immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From :0.9 - Value To : 1.1

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Tacrolimus ( FK506 )

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Whole Blood EDTA.
Container:Lavender (EDTA) tube.

Test Method: see report

Equipment: - see report

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range: 5 – 20

Measuring unit: ng/mL

Test code: FK

Tegratol (Carbamazepine) Peak

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: a competitive immunoassay using direct chemiluminescent technology.

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Comment : 5 – 11

Measuring unit: ug/ml

Test code: TEG P

Tegratol (Carbamazepine) Trough

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: a competitive immunoassay using direct chemiluminescent technology

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 4 - Value To : 12

Measuring unit: ug/ml

Test code: TEG T

Testosterone (Total)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube, , PST green (Li Heparin)

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Male	Male	Male	Female	Female	Female
1-11 Y	11 -15 Y	15 -99 Y	0 - 11 Y	12 - 17 Y	> 18 Y
0.02 to 0.57	0.6 to 9	2.5 to 10.8	0 to 0.34	0 to 0.63	0.15 to 0.7

Measuring unit : ng/mL

Test code:44 - TT

Testosterone (Free)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container:Red–top tube, , PST green (Li Heparin)

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

From :1 D - 15 D Male: 1.5 - 31

From :1 D - 15 D Female: .5 - 2.5

From :16 D - 3 M Male: 3.3 - 8

From :16 D - 3 M Female: .1 - 1.3

From : 3 M - 5 M Male: .7 - 14

From : 3 M - 5 M Female: .3 - 1.1

From : 5 M - 7 M Male: .4 - 4.8

From : 5 M - 7 M Female: .2 - .6

From : 7 M - 9 Y Male: .1 - 3.2

From : 7 M - 9 Y Female: .1 - .9

From : 9 Y - 11 Y Male: .6 - 5.7

From : 9 Y - 11 Y Female: 1 - 5.2

From : 11 Y - 14 Y Male: 1.4 - 156

From : 11 Y - 14 Y Female: 1 - 5.2

From : 14 Y - 17 Y Male: 80 - 159

From : 14 Y - 17 Y Female: 1 - 5.2

From : 17 Y - 11 Y Male: .10 - 50

From : 17 Y - 11 Y Female: 0.04 - 3.9

Measuring unit : pg/mL

Test code:45 - FT

Thrombin Time

Unit:Send out.

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate.
Container: Light Blue (Sodium Citrate) tube
Test Method:coagulometry

Equipment:coagulometer

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 5 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 8 - Value To : 10

Measuring unit : sec

Test code: N/A

5 H.I.A.A in 24 Hrs Urine

Unit:Send out
Preparation: Avoid bananas, avocados, plums, eggplant, tomatoes, pineapple, walnuts, and interfering drugs for a
72-hour period prior to and during the collection.
Specimen Volume & Type:24 hour urine + HCL.
Container:Plastic Urine container
Ward Remark: 30mL 6N HCL or 1g/L boric acid may be added as preservative for other tests without harm to 5-HIAA.

Test Method: high performance liquid chromatography

Equipment:-.

Collection:Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen.
Specimen volume not sufficient.

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 2 - Value To : 6

Measuring unit : mg/day

Test code: N/A

Acetylcholine Estrase Abs

Unit:Send out
Preparation: No Need
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Whole Blood EDTA.
Container:violet-top tube
Test Method:radial immuno assay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen.
Specimen volume not sufficient.

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:

25 - 45

Measuring unit : U/g Hb

Test code: N/A

Acetylcholine Receptor Abs

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum Frozen.
Container:Red tube.

Test Method: Radioimmunoassay (RIA).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:

<0.15

No Myasthenia Gravis <0.25

Uncertainty 0.25 - 0.4

Myasthenia Gravis 0.4 – 1500

Measuring unit : nmol/L

Test code: N/A

TBG (Thyroid Binding Globulin)

Unit:Immunology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:immunoassay

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range:

ADULTS : 14-31

pregnant : 27 - 66

Newborn & children

1-7 days:6.3-22

8-15 days:11.9-24

1 month-3 years:12.7-31

4-6 years:14.7-33

7-8 years:16.3-31

9-10 years:15.7-28

11 years:15.4-27

12 years:14.8-26

13 years:13.8-25

14 years:12.2-25

15 years:10.8-24

16 years:10-24

17 years:8.5-23

Measuring unit : ug/ml

Test code: N/A

Theophylline ( Eufilin )

Unit:Send out.

Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Polarized Fluorescent Immunoassay (PFIA).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Therapeutic :8 - 20

Toxic : > 20

Measuring unit : Ug/mL

Test code: N/A

TIBC (Total iron binding capacity)

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Direct determination with FerroZine

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: 250 – 450

Measuring unit : ug/dL

Test code: TIBC

Tissue Polypeptide antigen (TPA)

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: Immunoradiometri (IRMA).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: < 75

Measuring unit : see report

Test code:N/A

Total Lipids

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: Homogeneous enzymatic colorimetric test

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: At least 12 hours fasting prior to sample collection

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Patient not fasting
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 2 hours

Reference Range: 0 – 750

Measuring unit : mg/dl

Test code: 170 - TL

Total leucocytic count (TLC)

Unit:Hematology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Whole Blood EDTA.
Container:Lavender (EDTA) tube.

Test Method:

Electric Resistance Detecting Method (Hydro Dynamic
Focusing Method), Flow Cytometry Method using semiconductor laser and SLS-Hemoglobin Method.

Equipment: Sysmex.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

1 DMale: 10 - 26

1 DFemale: 10 - 26

From :2 D - 3 DMale: 7 - 23

From :2 D - 3 D Female: 7 - 23

From :4 D - 14 DMale: 6 - 22

From :4 D - 14 D Female: 6 - 22

From :15 D - 1 M Male: 5 - 19

From :15 D - 1 M Female: 5 - 19

From :1 M – 2 M Male: 5 - 15

From :1 M – 2 M Female: 5 - 15

From :2 M – 6 M Male: 6 - 18

From :2 M – 6 M Female: 6 – 18

From :6 M – 1 Y Male: 6 - 16

From :6 M – 1 Y Female: 6 – 16

From :1 Y – 6 Y Male: 5 - 15

From :1 Y – 6 Y Female: 5 – 15

From :6 Y – 12 Y Male: 5 - 13

From :6 Y – 12 Y Female: 5 – 13

From :12 Y – 99 Y Male: 4 – 10.5

From :12 Y – 99 Y Female: 4 – 10.5

Measuring unit : 10^3/cmm

Test code: 27

11 Deoxy Cortisol

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 1ml serum or plasma
Container:Red-top, or Green (Li Heparin) only

Test Method:Radioimmunoassay (RIA).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: The patient should not exercise prior to sample collection.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 8 - Value To : 250

Measuring unit : ng/mL

Test code: N/A

17 Hydroxy Corticosteroids in Urine

Unit:send out.

Specimen Volume & Type:Urine 24 Hours HCL + Serum.
Container:Plastic urine container, acquire from Lab receiving.

Test Method: Quantitative Colorimetry

Equipment:-./

Collection:Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: If possible, all drugs should be withheld for 72 hours prior to and during collection of urine

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen.
Specimen volume not sufficient.

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range2.0-6.5 mg/g crt

Measuring unit : mg/g crt

Test code: N/A

17 Hydroxy Progesterone

Unit:Hormone.
Specimen Volume & Type:0.3 ml serum
Container:Red-top tube.

Test Method:Quantitative Colorimetry

Equipment: X Elisa.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: The patient should not exercise prior to sample collection.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::7 Days.

Reference Range:

Follicular : 0.2 - 1.3

Luteal : 1.0 - 4.5

Postmenopausal : 0.2 - 0.9

Measuring unit : ng/mL

Test code: N/A

17 ketosteroids

Unit:send out.

Specimen Volume & Type:10ml Urine 24 Hours.
Container:Plastic urine container, acquire from Lab receiving.

Test Method: Quantitative Colorimetry

Equipment:-.

Collection:Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: If possible, all drugs should be withheld for 72 hours prior to and during collection of urine

Storage Instructions:Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen.
Specimen volume not sufficient.

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range:

Female - Value From : 4 - Value To : 16

Male - Value From : 10 - Value To : 25

Measuring unit : mg/day

Test code: N/A

ACTH Am

Unit: Hormone
Specimen Volume & Type: 1ml Plasma EDTA frozen.
Container:Violet-topped tube

Test Method:Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), sandwich Principle

Equipment: Centaur.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge, remove plasma, and freeze immediately. Submit 1 mL aliquot of plasma

Causes for rejection:

Frozen EDTA plasma is the ONLY suitable specimen. Any other specimen will be rejected. Specimens will also be rejected for hemolysis, icteremia, and lipemia

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: Comment : <80

Measuring unit : pg/mL

Test code: N/A

ACTH Pm

Unit: Hormone
Specimen Volume & Type: 1ml Plasma EDTA frozen.
Container:Violet-topped tube

Test Method:Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), sandwich Principle

Equipment: Centaur.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge, remove plasma, and freeze immediately. Submit 1 mL aliquot of plasma

Causes for rejection:

Frozen EDTA plasma is the ONLY suitable specimen. Any other specimen will be rejected. Specimens will also be rejected for hemolysis, icteremia, and lipemia

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: Comment : <80

From : 10 - Value To : 185

Measuring unit : pg/mL

Test code: N/A

ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA frozen.
Container:Lavender EDTA tube.

Test Method:Radioimmunoassay (RIA).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 0 - Value To : 14

Measuring unit : pg/mL

Test code: N/A

AMH ( Anti Mullerian Hormone )

Unit:Hormone.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum or plasma
Container:Red-top or Green (Li Heparin)

Test Method: Enzymimmunoassay

Equipment:Elisa.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 3 Days.

Reference Range:

Comment : < 0.3 ng/ml : Very low

0.3-0.6 ng/ml : Low

0.6-0.9 ng/ml : Low normal range

> 1.0 ng/ml : Normal

> 3.0 ng/ml : high

Measuring unit : ng/mL

Test code:AMH

Aldosterone

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red top tube.
Ward Remark: submit unopened tube only. Clean site with
non-alcoholic soap only.

Test Method: Turbimeter/ nepholmeter

Equipment:Turb+Neph.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection: Gross hemolysis.

Reporting time::10 Days.

Reference Range:

Recombinant : 1 – 17

Standing : 3 - 35.5

Age from 3 - 13 :- ( 1 - 34 )

Measuring unit :ng/dL

Test code: N/A

Androstendione

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Serum.
Container:Red-Top tube.

Test Method:chemiluminescence immunoassay

Equipment: -.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 10 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From :0.3 - Value To : 3.3

Measuring unit : ng/mL

Test code: N/A

Toxoplasma IgG Cobas

Unit:Virology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Non-reactive : <5

Equiv : from 5 to 30

Reactive : >=30

Measuring unit : IU/ml

Test code: 70 - TOX G

Toxoplasma IgM Cobas

Unit:Virology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

Non-reactive : < 0.8

Equiv : >= 0.8 - < 1.0

Reactive : >= 1.0

Measuring unit : Index

Test code: 71 - TOX M

TPHA

Unit:Serology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: latex agglutination

Equipment:Manual.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 2 hours

Reference Range:

Negative

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: TRAM

Tramadol in Urine

Unit:Chemistry

Specimen Volume & Type:10 ml urine for random.
Container: Urine cup for random.

Test Method: immunoassay

Equipment:Manual.

Collection: Urine cup for random

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range: Negative.

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

TRANSFERRIN

Unit:Serology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube.

Test Method: see report

Equipment:Manual.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No Need

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8°C.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 48 hours, Stat sample 2 hours

Reference Range:

Value From : 210 - Value To : 430

Measuring unit : mg/dL

Test code: N/A

Transferrin Saturation

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2.0 ml Serum (IRON + TIBC).
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:nepholometry

Equipment:Nepholmeter.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Male: 20 - 50

Female: 15 – 50

Measuring unit : %

Test code: N/A

Triglyceride

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Enzymatic colorimetric test

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: At least 12 hours fasting prior to sample collection

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Patient not fasting
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours,

Reference Range:

	Serum	Triglycerides
Category	mg/dL	[mmol/L]
Normal	< 150	[< 1.70]
Borderline high	150 – 199	[1.70 – 2.25]
High	200 – 499	[2.26 – 5.64]
Very High	≥ 500	[≥ 5.65]

Measuring unit : mg/dl

Test code: 172 - TG

Troponin I (Quantitative)

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Chemo luminescence

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: 0 - .16

Measuring unit : ng/mL

Test code: TROP Q

Troponin I Qualitative

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Chemo luminescence

Equipment:Cobas.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: Negative.

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

Troponin T

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: 35Days.

Reference Range:12.7 - 24.9

Measuring unit : pg/mL

Test code: TROP

Toxocara Canis Antibodies IgG

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: 35Days.

Reference Range:

POSITIVE : > 1.10

NEGATIVE : < 0.90

UNCERTAIN : 0.90 - 1.10

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

Treponema Pallidum Ab (TPI) IgG

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: 35Days.

Reference Range:

Negative.

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

Treponema Pallidum Ab (TPI) IgM

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Indirect Immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: 35Days.

Reference Range:

Negative.

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

Trichinella Spiralis ( Trichinosis ) Ab IgG

Unit:Send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection: Stability limits exceeded.

Reporting time:: 35Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : .9 - Value To : 1.1

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

TSH

Unit:Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum
Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), sandwich principle

Equipment:Centaur.

Collection:Routine venipuncture.

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:Stability limits exceeded

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

0.5 - 18 Y :( 0.7 - 6.4)

18 - 55 Y :( 0.27 - 4.2 )

55 - 99 Y :( 0.5 - 8.9 )

Measuring unit : uIU/mL

Test code:124

Urea (Urine)

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: Aliquot of 24hr urine. No preservative
Container:Sterile Cup

Test Method:Kinetic UV assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range:10 – 20

Measuring unit : g/day

Test code: N/A

Urea Clearance

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2.0 ml Serum +aliquot of a 24hr Urine. Refrigerate.
Container:Sterile Cup

Test Method: Kinetic UV assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range: 40 - 99.

Measuring unit : %

Test code: N/A

Urea breath test

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: Breath.
Container:Breath bag

Test Method:CO2 isotope

Equipment:Manual

Collection:Breath bag

Patient Preparation: Fasting 8 Hours.

Storage Instructions:N/A

Causes for rejection:not following the instruction

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative < 25

Borderline : 25 - 50

Positive > 50

Measuring unit : CPM

Test code: N/A

Uric Acid

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma

Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Enzymatic colorimetric test

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Male: 3.5 - 7.2

Female: 2.6 – 6

Measuring unit : mg/dl

Test code: 52 - Uric

Uric acid (urine)

Unit: Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 20 ml aliquot of a 24 hr urine without preservatives.
Container: Urine cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour. No preservative for 24 hours

Test Method: Uricase, UV

Equipment:Dimension/Cobas 6000.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range: 250 - 750

Measuring unit : mg/day

Test code: N/A

Uric acid (urine Random)

Unit: Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 20 ml aliquot of a 24hr urine without preservatives
Container: Urine cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour. No preservative for 24 hours

Ward Remark: Obtain 24hr collection container from laboratory services. Keep on ice or refrigerated. 24 hour specimens not processed stat.

Test Method:Enzymatic colorimetric test

Equipment:Dimension

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 37 - Value To : 92

Measuring unit : mg/dL

Test code: N/A

Urine Creatinine

Unit: Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 24hrs Urine
Container: Urine cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour. No preservative for 24 hours

Ward Remark: Obtain 24hr collection container from laboratory services. Keep on ice or refrigerated. 24 hour specimens not processed stat.

Test Method:kinetic colorimetric assay

Equipment:Dimension.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range:

Male: 39 - 259

Female: 28 – 217

Measuring unit : mg/dL

Test code: N/A

Vancomycin

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum frozen.

Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Chemiluminescence.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Valle: 5 to 10

Peak: 20-40

Toxic values:> 80

Measuring unit : see report

Test code: N/A

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ( VIP )

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma (EDTA+Triazol) frozen.

Container:Lavender tube.

Test Method: Radioimmunoassay (RIA).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: < 100

Measuring unit : see report

Test code: N/A

VDRL

Unit:Serology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum or plasma

Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: latex agglutination

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours, Stat sample 2 hours.

Reference Range:

Comment : Negative

Measuring unit : N/A

Test code: N/A

VLDL - Cholesterol

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum

Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method:

Calculated: {Triglycerides}/5

Equipment:Dimension

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: 12 - 14hr fasting

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 12 - 32

Measuring unit : mg/dl

Test code: N/A

VMA ( Vanyllyl Mandelic Acid )

Unit: Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 24hrs Urine
Container: Urine cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour. No preservative for 24 hours

Test Method: Colorimetric Enzyme Assay

Equipment:Maunual.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: 100 ml aliquot from (24 hrs urine + 10 ml HCl). Record total urine volume on Job order and urine container. 12 hr fasting is preferred and avoid coffee, Vanilla containing diet and tobacco before and during the fast

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 24 Hours.

Reference Range:

< 10 Y Female: 2 - 3.2

10 Y - 16 Y Male: 1.9 - 9.7

Measuring unit : mg/24 hr

Test code: N/A

Vitamin A ( Retinol )

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum

Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

From: 0 Y - 6 Y Male: 0.20 – 0.40

From: 0 Y - 6 Y Female: 0.20 – 0.40

From: 6 Y - 12 Y Male: 0.25 – 0.45

From: 6 Y - 12 Y Female: 0.25 – 0.45

From: 12 Y - 19 Y Male: 0.45 - 0.8

From: 12 Y - 19 Y Female: 0.35 - 0.75

From: 19 Y - 99 Y Male: 0.45 - 0.8

From: 19 Y - 99 Y Female: 0.35 -0.75

Measuring unit: ug/mL

Test code: N/A

Vitamin B1 ( Thiamine )

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA frozen.

Container:Lavender (EDTA) tube.

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 90 – 140

Measuring unit: ng/gHb

Test code: N/A

Vitamin B2 ( FAD )

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Whole blood EDTA.

Container:Lavender (EDTA) tube.

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 4 - Value To : 24

Measuring unit:ug/dL

Test code: N/A

Vitamin B3 ( Niacine )

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum

Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: 8.0 - 52.0

Measuring unit:see report

Test code: N/A

Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamine)

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.

Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: chemiluminescent immunoassay

Equipment:Immulite 2000.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 1 Day.

Reference Range:

Accepted ( W.H.O ) : > 201

Deficiency : < 150

Measuring unit:pg/mL

Test code: N/A

Vitamin B5 (Pathogenic Acid)

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum frozen.

Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:0.08 - 0.55

Measuring unit:see report

Test code: N/A

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal Phosphate)

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma EDTA.

Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:4 - 18

Measuring unit:pg/mL

Test code: N/A

Vitamin C ( Ascorbic Acid ) in Urine

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 5ml Urine 24 Hours Frozen.

Container:Urine cup for random or brown plastic urine container for 24 hour. No preservative for 24 hours.

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning. (Collect sample on 6 mol/L).

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range: .4 - 1.5

Measuring unit:mg/dL

Test code: N/A

Vitamin D (1. 25 Dihydroxy-cholecalciferol)

Unit:Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.

Container:Red–top tube.

Test Method: Radioisotope

Equipment:ELISA.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 15 Days.

Reference Range:15 – 60

Measuring unit:pg/mL

Test code: N/A

Vitamin D3 (25 hydroxycolecalciferol)

Unit: Immunology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle

Equipment:Elisa.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Stability limits exceeded
Hemolysis samples
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 15 Days.10 - 65

Measuring unit:ng/mL

Test code: N/A

Vitamin E

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), competition principle

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Stability limits exceeded.
Hemolysis samples.
Improperly labeled specimen.
Specimen volume not sufficient.

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 5 - Value To : 20

Measuring unit:ug/ml

Test code: N/A

Vitamin H

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: Enzyme immunoassay.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Stability limits exceeded.
Hemolysis samples.
Improperly labeled specimen.
Specimen volume not sufficient.

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

State deficit: <100
Suboptimal state: 100 – 200

Recommended values: ≥ 200

Measuring unit:ng/L

Test code: N/A

Vitamin K1

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum Frozen.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Stability limits exceeded.
Hemolysis samples.
Improperly labeled specimen.
Specimen volume not sufficient.

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : .1 - Value To : 2.12

Measuring unit: ug/L

Test code: N/A

Von Willibrand Factor Antigen

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate frozen.

Container:Blue Light tube.

Test Method: Turbidometry

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

Value From : 50 - Value To : 160

Measuring unit:%

Test code: N/A

ZAP 70

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml EDTA Blood.

Container:Lavender tube.

Test Method: Flow Cytometry.

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 °C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen quantity not sufficient
Specimen not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:see report

Measuring unit:see report

Test code: N/A

ASOT (Anti Streptomycin O Titre)

Unit: Serology
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container:Red-top tube.

Test Method:latex agglutination

Equipment:Manual.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 0 - Value To : 200

Measuring unit:U/mL

Test code:ASOT

Alpha 1 Anti Trypsin (Phenotyping)

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 10ml Whole Blood EDTA.
Container:Lavender tube.

Test Method: Isoelectric focusing

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days

Reference Range:see report

Measuring unit:see report

Test code:N/A

Zinc (Zn) Serum

Unit: Chemistry.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red–top tube

Test Method: colorimetric test

Equipment: Manual.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Allow serum to clot. Centrifuge serum at room temperature.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8 o C.

Causes for rejection:

Stability limits exceeded.
Hemolysis samples.
Improperly labeled specimen.
Specimen volume not sufficient.

Reporting time:: 24Hours.

Reference Range:

Value From : 50 - Value To : 120

Deficiency: < 30.

Measuring unit: ug/dL

Test code: ZN

Zinc (ZN) Urine

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 3ml Urine 24 Hours HCL.

Container: Urine Sterile with HCL.

Test Method: Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Equipment: -.

Collection: Discard early morning urine specimen; start timing from this point.

Collect all urine for the next 24 hours, including sample voided at the same time the next morning.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

100-800 ug/24 hr

<700 ug/gcreatinine.

Measuring unit: mg/24 hr

Test code: N/A

ZN For Sputum

Unit:Microbiology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Sputum.

Container: Sterile Cup.

Test Method: ZN staining

Equipment: -.Manual

Collection: Sterile Cup.

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: Refrigerate sample at 2-8 °C during collection and until delivered to the laboratory.

Causes for rejection:

Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 2 Days.

Reference Range:

Negative for AFB

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Adenovirus by PCR

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red tube.

Test Method: PCR

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range: See report

Measuring unit:See report

Test code: N/A

ABO (Blood Group)

Unit:Hematology.
Specimen Volume & Type:2mL whole blood EDTA.
Container: Violet (K2EDTA) tube

Test Method:latex aggulitination

Equipment: Manual.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: The patient should not exercise prior to sample collection.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection: Gross hemolysis.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: O/A/B/AB ( Rh +ve or –ve for All )

Measuring unit:N/A

Test code:28 - ABO

ABO Ab Titre

Unit:Hematology.
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Serum.
Container: Red-top tube.

Test Method:indirect coombs' test

Equipment: Manual.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: The patient should not exercise prior to sample collection.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection: Gross hemolysis.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Alpha 1 Anti Trypsin

Unit: Serology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container:Red tube.

Test Method:see report

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::24 Hours.

Reference Range:Value From : 90 - Value To : 200

Measuring unit: mg/dl

Test code: N/A

Alpha 1 Anti Trypsin (Genotyping)

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum Frozen.
Container:Red tube.

Test Method:Reaction en cadenza de la Polymerase (PCR).

Equipment:-.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range: see report

Measuring unit: see report

Test code: N/A

Amebic Antibodies

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml serum.
Container:Red-top tube

Test Method:indirect immunofluorescence

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::5 Days.

Reference Range: Negative Up to 1/160

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: N/A

Asperagillus Ab

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container:Red-top tube.

Test Method: Haemagglutination

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:< 1/80

Measuring unit: titer

Test code: N/A

Asperagillus Ag

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container:Red-top tube.

Test Method:Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::35 Days.

Reference Range:

Positive: > 0.50

Negative: < 0.5

Measuring unit: U/ml

Test code: N/A

Beta Transferrin

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml serum.
Container:Red-top tube.

Test Method:see report

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:see report

Measuring unit: see report

Test code: N/A

Bilharzia Ab in Serum

Unit: Parasitology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2.0 ml Serum.
Container:Red top Tube.

Test Method:hemagglutination

Equipment:-.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 2 Days.

Reference Range: Less than 1/160

Measuring unit: titre

Test code: BILH

Bilharzial Ag in Urine

Unit:Parasitology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Urine
Container: Sterile Cup

Test Method:immunoassay

Equipment:Manual

Collection:Sterile Cup

Patient Preparation:"Random urine sample.

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 48Hours

Reference Range: Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Brucella Antibodies IgG

Unit: Parasitology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red-top tube.

Test Method:Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:- manual

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::24 Hours.

Reference Range: Negative

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Brucella Antibodies IgM

Unit: Parasitology.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum.
Container: Red-top tube.

Test Method:Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:-.manual

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::24 Hours.

Reference Range:Negative

Alpha Thalassemia (PCR)

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum Frozen.
Container:Red tube.

Test Method: PCR.

Equipment:PCR.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time::40 Days.

Reference Range:

Reference Range: see report

Measuring unit: see report

Test code: N/A

Activated Protein C-Resistance

Unit:Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type:2ml Citrate Plasma.
Container: Blue Light Tube.

Test Method:Coagulometry

Equipment: -.

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: The patient should not exercise prior to sample collection.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate serum from cells within 2 hours of collection.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection: Gross hemolysis.

Reporting time:: Routine sample 5Days.

Reference Range: Negative more than 0.85.

Measuring unit:ratio

Test code: N/A

Anti-Thrombin III

Unit: Send out

Specimen Volume & Type: 2 ml plasmaCitrate.

Container: Light blue tube

Ward Remark: Performed on Thursdays only

Test Method: Chromogenic assay

Equipment:Hematology.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Centrifuge the specimen to separate plasma from cells within 2 hours of collection, samples may be freeze till used.

Causes for rejection:

Clotted blood samples
Old samples
Excessive hemolysis
Samples above or below the tube mark

Reporting time:: Routine sample 24 hours.

Reference Range: 70-140%

Measuring unit: %

Test code: AT3

B.T (Bleeding Time)

Unit: Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: Special collection.
Container: No Tubes used

Test Method: Ducks' method

Equipment:manual.

Collection:lancet puncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: N/A

Causes for rejection: N/A

TAT:24 Hours

Reference Range: Ducks' : 1-4 minutes

Measuring unit: minutes

Test code: 32 - BL

C.T (Clotting Time)

Unit: Hematology
Specimen Volume & Type: Special collection.
Container: No Tubes used

Test Method: screening test

Equipment:Manual.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions: N/A

Causes for rejection: failure in venipuncture

TAT: 24 Hours

Reference Range: Value From : 4 - Value To : 11

Measuring unit: minutes

Test code: 33 – CL

CD (Glycophorin A)

CD (HLA-DR)

CD (Kappa)

CD (Lambda)

CD (MPO)

CD (SLG)

CD (TdT)

CD 10

CD 103

CD 13

CD 14

CD 19

CD 20

CD 22

CD 23

CD 3

CD 33

CD 34

CD 38

CD 4

CD 41

CD 45

CD 5

CD 56

CD 59

CD 7

CD 79a

CD 8

CD 16

CD 55

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml EDTA Blood.
Container: Lavender Tube.

Test Method: Flow Cytometry.

Equipment: Flow Cytometry.

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient
Serum not separated from cells

Reporting time:: 7 Days.

Reference Range:

CD 59 : Comment : Control: 91.2

CD 55 : Comment :Control: 90.4

CD 56 : Value From : 10 - Value To : 15

CD 16 : Value From : 10 - Value To : 15

CD 4 : Value From : 32 - Value To : 50

CD 19 : Value From : 8 - Value To : 11

CD Lambda : Value From : 1.6 - Value To : 2

CD (Kappa) : Value From : 1.6 - Value To : 2

Measuring unit: %

Test code: N/A

Clot Lysis Test

Unit: Send out.
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Plasma Citrate.
Container: Blue Light Tube.

Test Method:The euglobulin clot lysis time

Equipment:-.manual

Collection:Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation:No special patient preparation is required.

Storage Instructions:

Protect the sample from light.
Refrigerate serum at 2-8o C.

Causes for rejection:

Hemolysis
Improperly labeled specimen
Specimen volume not sufficient

Reporting time:: 5 Days.

Reference Range: 90-240 minutes

Measuring unit: minutes

Test code: N/A

Chloride in Pleural Fluid

Unit:Chemistry
Specimen Volume & Type: Pleural fluid 5 ml

Container: sterile cup

Test Method:ISE

Equipment:Cornley

Collection: Random Sample

Patient Preparation:pleural tapping

Storage Instructions:refrigeratedat 2 - 8°C

Causes for rejection: bloody sample(refer to the requester)

Reporting time:: 1 D

Reference Range: ( 118 - 132 )

Measuring unit : mEq/L

Test code: N/A

Varicella Zoster IgM

Unit:Send Out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 mL Serum

Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:ــــــــــــــ

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: Refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 35 D

Reference Range:

From: 0 D 0 M 0 Y - To: 0 D 0 M 999 Y - Sex :Male - Value From : .9 - Value To : 1.1

From: 0 D 0 M 0 Y - To: 0 D 0 M 999 Y - Sex :Female - Value From : .9 - Value To : 1.1

Age Comments :

- Sex :Male - Comment : Positive: > 1.10

Negative: < 0.90

Uncertain: 0.90 - 1.10

- Sex :Female - Comment : Positive: > 1.10

Negative: < 0.90

Uncertain: 0.90 - 1.10

Measuring unit: U/ml

Test code: N/A

Varicella Zoster IgG

Unit:Send Out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 mL Serum

Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:ــــــــــــــ

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: Refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 35 D

Reference Range:

- Sex :Male - Comment : Positive: > 1.10

Negative: < 0.90

Uncertain: 0.90 - 1.10

- Sex :Female - Comment : Positive: > 1.10

Negative: < 0.90

Uncertain: 0.90 - 1.10

Measuring unit: Index

Test code: N/A

TPA (Tissue Polypeptide antigen)

Unit:Send Out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2 mL Serum

Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

Equipment:ـــــــــــــ

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: Refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time::35 D

Reference Range:

< 75 U/L

Measuring unit: U/L

Test code: N/A

Reducing Sugar In Urine

Unit: send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum

Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: see report

Equipment: see report

Collection: Random Sample

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: Refrigerated at 4°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 5 D

Reference Range:

"Negative" - "Positive"

Measuring unit: N/A

Test code: N/A

Nickel in urine

Unit: send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum

Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: see report

Equipment: see report

Collection: 24 hrs collection

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Urine volume is not recorded

Reporting time:: 35 Days.

Reference Range:

-Normal 0.1 - 8

Metal refinery workers 8 – 800

Measuring unit: ug/day

Test code: N/A

Nickel in serum

Unit: send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum

Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: see report

Equipment: see report

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: Refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Grossly hemolyzed or lipemic serum

Reporting time:: 35 D

Reference Range:

- Sex :Male - Comment : Normal 0.1 - 1

Metal refinery workers 3 - 11

- Sex :Female - Comment : Normal 0.1 - 1

Metal refinary workers 3 – 11

Measuring unit: ug/dl

Test code: N/A

NBT ( Nitro Blue Tetrazolium )

Unit: send out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Heparin Whole Blood

Container: Green-top tube

Test Method: see report

Equipment:

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required

Storage Instructions: Refrigerated 2-8°C

Causes for rejection: Clotted Blood sample

Reporting time:: 10 D

Reference Range:

- Sex :Male - Value From : 3 - Value To : 16

- Sex :Female - Value From : 3 - Value To : 16

Measuring unit: %

Test code: N/A

Mumps Virus Ab IgM

Unit:Send Out
Specimen Volume & Type: 2ml Serum

Container: Red-top tube

Test Method: Enzymeimmunoassay

Equipment:ـــــــــــــــــــ

Collection: Routine venipuncture

Patient Preparation: No special patient preparation is required